Alternate Fuel Vehicles

AVCEM Documentation Part 3: Review of the Literature on the Private and Social Lifetime Cost of Electric and Alternative-Fuel Vehicle Costs

Shaheen, Susan, PhD
Chan, Nelson
Micheaux, Helen
2021

In order to assess the state of knowledge of the private and social lifetime cost (LC) of conventional and alternative-powertrain vehicles (mainly electric vehicles), we reviewed and evaluated 190 LC studies published between 2000 and 2020. Our main objective was to determine which aspects of the LC of motor vehicles were well researched and well analyzed, and which aspects were less well researched and analyzed and accordingly would benefit most from a focused new research effort; In general, few studies are comprehensive (cover all components of the LC), original (as opposed to reliant...

Ammonia as an Alternative Energy Storage Medium for Hydrogen Fuel Cells: Scientific and Technical Review for Near-Term Stationary Power Demonstration Projects, Final Report

Lipman, Tim
Shah, Nihar
2007

This report documents the research efforts of a task order under a research technical agreement between the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley). The focus of this research is to understand the scientific and technical aspects of the potential use of ammonia and other related carbon-free energy carriers for hydrogen fuel cell applications. Caltrans has a range of potential applications for fuel cell technology, including various field operations and for providing emergency backup power, power “demand response”...

A Low-Carbon Fuel Standard for California Part 2: Policy Analysis

Farrell, Alexander E.
Sperling, Daniel
Brandt, A.R.
Eggert, A.
Farrell, A.E.
Haya, B.K.
Hughes, J
Jenkins, B.M.
Jones, A.D.
Kammen, D.M.
Knittel, C.R.
Melaina, M.W.
O'Hare, M.
Plevin, R.J.
Sperling, D.
2007

The Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) can play a major role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and stimulating improvements in transportation fuel technologies so that California can meet its climate policy goals. In Part 1 of this study we evaluated the technical feasibility of achieving a 10 percent reduction in the carbon intensity (measured in gCO2e/MJ) of transportation fuels in California by 2020. We identified six scenarios based on a variety of different technologies that could meet or exceed this goal, and concluded that the goal was ambitious but attainable. In Part 2, we examine...

Creating Markets for Green Biofuels: Measuring and Improving Environmental Performance

Turner, Brian T.
Plevin, Richard J.
O'Hare, Michael
Farrell, Alexander E.
2007

This study describes how some biofuels are produced, emphasizing agricultural production systems, and considers what is needed in order to measure and communicate environmental performance, and gives examples of how this might be done. We describe a set of seven uses of a Green Biofuels Index, from a wholly market-driven implementation through a set of increasingly intrusive regulatory approaches. We then present several case studies of specific biofuel production pathways using a lifecycle analysis of the inputs to feedstock production and processing, but excluding market-mediated effects...