Connected and Automated Vehicles

Intelligent Intersections Reduce Crashes and Will Support the Safe Introduction of Autonomous Vehicles

Kurzhanskiy, Alex
Varaiya, Pravin
2018

Intersections are dangerous. In the U.S., approximately 40% of all crashes, 50% of serious collisions, and 20% of fatalities occur in intersections. Intersections are challenging due to complex interactions among pedestrians, bicycles and vehicles; absence of lane markings; difficulty in determining who has the right of way; blind spots; and illegal movements (e.g., vehicles running red lights). Many cities have developed Vision Zero plans seeking to eliminate traffic injuries and deaths through modifications to road infrastructure, such as adding bike lanes and pedestrian refuge islands....

UC Berkeley Develops New User-Friendly Tool to Expedite the Evaluation of Connected Automated Vehicle Technologies

Fu, Zhe
Liu, Hao, PhD
Lu, Xiao-Yun, PhD
2020

Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) are similar to other automated vehicles with the distinguishing difference being that CAVs obtain information about road conditionsdirectly from other vehicles and infrastructure (e.g., traffic signals, road sensors) rather than relying solely on onboard sensors. Different CAV technologies are currently being tested and evaluated to assess the prospects for future implementation. These tests involve moving CAV-equipped vehicles on a physical test track and recording how the vehicles operate under different traffic conditions (Figure 1). Since it is...

Dynamic Control of Complex Transit Systems

Argote-Cabanero, Juan
Daganzo, Carlos F
Lynn, Jacob W
2015

This paper proposes a dynamic control method to overcome bunching and improve the regularity of fixed-route transit systems. The method uses a combination of dynamic holding and en-route driver guidance to achieve its objectives. It applies to systems with a mix of headway-based and schedule-based lines but it is evaluated for scheduled systems as this is the more challenging application. Improved schedule adherence is the goal. The method’s calculation complexity per piece of advice does not increase with system size. As a result, the method is scalable and can be used with large...

Automated Vehicles Industry Survey of Transportation Infrastructure Needs

Wang, Pei
McKeever, Benjamin
Chan, Ching-Yao
2022

Automated vehicle (AV) deployment can bring about transformational changes to transportation and society as a whole. The infrastructure owner-operators (IOOs), who own, maintain, and operate the infrastructure, have the opportunity to work jointly with the AV industry to provide safe and efficient operations. A key question for the IOOs is, “What transportation infrastructure improvements do AV manufacturers believe will facilitate and improve AV performance?” This study was designed to address this question through a comprehensive survey approach, including an online survey and follow-up...

Peer-To-Peer (P2P) Carsharing: Understanding Early Markets, Social Dynamics, and Behavioral Impacts

Shaheen, Susan, PhD
Martin, Elliot, Phd
Bansal, Apaar
2018

Shared mobility services have now become firmly integrated into urban transportation systems across the globe. Carsharing, bikesharing, ridesourcing or transportation network companies(TNCs), and other systems now offer urban travelers access to transportation services that had long been previously only possible through personal vehicle ownership. Carsharing is arguably the pioneer mode of the sharing economy, given it ushered in a new way of thinking and access to the private automobile in the 20thcentury.Since its North American inception in Montreal in 1994, carsharing has undergone...

Spatio-temporal Road Charge: A Potential Remedy for Increasing Local Streets Congestion

Bayen, Alexandre
Forscher, Teddy
2017

US population. Additionally, the emergence of large ridesourcing or transportation network companies (TNCs) totaling up to tens of thousands of registered drivers in single cities (all using the same routing app), there is further consolidation. Across the US, this has led to new or increased congestion patterns that are progressively asphyxiating local streets due to so-called “cut-through traffic.” As neighborhoods have started to realize this, private citizens have begun to resist, by trying to sabotage or trick the apps, or shaming the through traffic through opinion articles, and news...

User Acceptance and Public Perception Regarding Automated Driving Systems

Motamedi, Sanaz
Wang, Pei
Chan, Ching-Yao
2018

Fully Automated Driving System (ADS) is one of the most innovative and fundamentally disruptive changes in transportation. This technology has the potential to resolve or mitigate current transportation problems, including reducing traffic accidents, congestion, energy consumption, and pollution. However, the extent of these impacts will depend heavily on public perception and widespread adoption of ADSs. To gain a better understanding of user acceptance and public perception related to ADS, extensive interviews were conducted with Tesla end-users who have experience using partial ADS (i.e...

Mobility and the Sharing Economy: Potential to Overcome First- and Last-Mile Public Transit Connections

Shaheen, Susan, PhD
Chan, Nelson
2016

Shared mobility—the shared use of a motor vehicle, bicycle, or other mode—enables travelers to gain short-term access to transportation modes on an as-needed basis. The term “shared mobility” includes the modes of carsharing, personal vehicle sharing (peer-to-peer carsharing and fractional ownership), bikesharing, scooter sharing, traditional ridesharing, transportation network companies (or ridesourcing), and e-Hail (taxis). It can also include flexible transit services, including microtransit, which supplement fixed-route bus and rail services. Shared mobility has proliferated in global...

The Potential Societal Barriers of Urban Air Mobility (UAM)

Shaheen, Susan, PhD
Cohen, Adam
Farrar, Emily
2018

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is an emerging concept of air transportation where small package delivery drones to passenger-carrying air taxis operate over populated areas, from small towns to the largest cities are being considered. This could revolutionize the way people move within and around cities by shortening commute times, bypassing ground congestion, and enabling point-to-point flights across cities. In recent years, several companies have designed and tested enabling elements of this concept, including; prototypes of Vertical Take-Off Landing (VTOL) capable vehicles, operational...

Smartphone App Evolution and Early Understanding from a Multimodal App User Survey

Shaheen, Susan, PhD
Cohen, Adam
Martin, Elliot, PhD
2017

Travelers are increasingly turning to smartphone applications for an array of transportation functions. Four types of transportation apps have emerged: 1) mobility apps; 2) connected vehicle apps; 3) smart parking apps; and 4) courier network service (CNS) apps. This chapter discusses the history and trends leading to the growth and development of transportation apps and summarizes key characteristics of 83 transportation apps identified through an Internet search cataloging transportation apps with more than 10,000 downloads each. Seventy-one percent of the 83 apps identified incorporated...