Environment

PLANTiS: Organization and Integration of Modules

Paramsothy, Thananjeyan
Khattak, Asad
Lovell, David
Kanafani, Adib
1995

This paper discusses the integration of PLANiTS (Planning and Analysis Integration for Intelligent Transportation Systems) components. The integration is achieved by defining a structure for representing transportation improvement actions, performance measures and environment in terms of spatial, temporal and user dimensions. A discussion is also presented on the key issues related to computer implementation including data dimension, a data dictionary, data modeling, and data transformations. A basis is developed for the next implementation of PLANiTS.

Modeling IVHS Emission Impacts. Volume 1: Background Issues and Modeling Capabilities

Guensler, Randall
Washington, Simon
Sperling, Daniel
1994

This paper examines the potential air quality impacts of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) upon important emission-producing vehicle activities and those parameters that affect emission rates. Important emission relationships are identified, a framework for comparative analysis is developed, and the general relationships between IVHS technology bundle characteristics and vehicle emission impacts are examined. The primary IVHS emission-related impacts that this project addresses are associated with changes in the average speed and operating mode (acceleration, deceleration, cruise...

Longitudinal Model Development for Automated Roadway Vehicles

Mcmahon, Donn H.
Hedrick, J. K.
1990

In today’s society minimizing the use of the roadways is becoming an issue of increasing concern.Many major cities in the US are plagued with such problems as traftic congestion, poor air quality, andsafety problems. To solve these problems research throughout the world is being conducted on the use ofautomated roadways.Currently in the state of California research is being conducted involving several major institutionsas to the feasibility of the automated roadway. The Program on Advanced Technology for the Highway,PATH, aims to increase the capacity of the most used highways, to decrease...

Investigation of an Optical Method to Determine the Presence of Ice on Road Surfaces

Misener, James
1998

This report presents a review of alternative techniques to determine the presence of ice on road surfaces. It examines techniques ranging from passive, in-pavement technologies, to different remote sensing techniques. The author presents the Polarized Reflectance Infrared Signature Method (PRISM) technique which uses differences in measured near infrared reflectance between ice, water and dry road due to absorption, in addition to the effect of polarization to discount the contribution of specutacular reflectance off the front surface.

Intelligent Diagnosis Based on Validated and Fused Data for Reliability and Safety Enhancement of Automated Vehicles in an IVHS

Agogino, Alice
Chao, Susan
Goebel, Kai
Alag, Satnam
Cammon, Bradly
Wang, Jiangxin
1998

Vehicles in an IVHS system rely heavily on information obtained from sensors. So far, most control systems make the implicit assumption that sensor information is always correct. However, in reality, sensor information is always corrupted to some degree by noise which varies with operating conditions, environmental conditions, and other factors. In addition, sensors can fail due to a variety of reasons. To overcome these shortcomings, sensor validation is needed to assess the integrity of the sensor information and adjust or correct as appropriate. In the presence of redundant information...

Intelligent Sensor Validation and Fusion for Vehicle Guidance Using Probabilistic and Fuzzy Methods

Agogino, Alice
Goebel, Kai
Alag, Sanam
1997

This study reports on a method to accomplish sensor validation and fusion in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The method is based on probabilistic and fuzzy techniques that express a confidence in the sensor data and take into account environmental factors and the state of the system. Sensor data fusion uses the confidence assigned to each sensor reading and integrates them into one reading. Noise and failure are filtered from the data and lead to a safety improvement in ITS.

Identification and Prioritization of Environmentally Beneficial Intelligent Transportation Technologies

Shaheen, S.
Young, T.
Sperling, D.
Jordan, D.
Horan, T.
1998

This report presents an literature review on the energy and environmental impacts of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technologies, a presentation of the development of deployment/modeling scenarios, and a description of the modeling effort. It looks at the current polity context and regulatory arena in which ITS technologies will be deployed. It also provides scenarios and market penetration estimates developed to form the basis of modeling efforts with the INTEGRATION model.

Highway Electrification and Automation Technologies - Regional Impacts Analysis Project: Executive Summary

Scag
Path
1993

The Highway Electrification and Automation Technologies Regional Impacts Analysis Project (HE&A) addressed the transportation-related problems of freeway congestion, air pollution, and dependence on fossil fuels in southern California. The impacts of roadway electrification and highway automation were investigated to determine to what extent these advanced technologies could alleviate these problems. For the highway electrification technology, utility, environmental, and economic impacts were also studied. The feasibility of implementing one or more demonstrations in the six-county...

Highway Electrification and Automation Technologies - Regional Impacts Analysis Project: Phase I: Baseline Scenario Data Analysis

Scag
Path
1993

The Highway Electrification and Automation Technologies Regional Impacts Analysis Project addresses the transportation-related problems of freeway congestion, air pollution, and dependence on fossil fuels in southern California. This report presents a documentation of the basis for the impacts analysis. It contains sections on data collected, baseline forecast for 2025, and electrification and automation specification scenarios. This report constitutes the final report for Phase I of the project.

Design of an Extended Architecture for Degraded Modes of Operation of AHS

Lygeros, John
Godbole, Datta N.
Broucke, Mireille E.
1995

In this paper, the authors propose a hierarchical control architecture for dealing with faults an adverse environmental conditions on an Automated Highway System (AHS). The design builds on a previously designed control architecture that works under normal conditions of operation. The faults that are considered in the design are classified according to capabilities remaining on the vehicle or roadside after the fault has occurred. Information about these capabilities is used by the supervisors in each of the layers to select appropriate control strategies. The extended control strategies...