Travel Behavior

Kalman Filter-Based Integration of DGPS and Vehicle Sensors for Localization

Rezaei, Shahram
Raja Sengupta
2007

We present a position estimation scheme for cars based on the integration of global positioning system (GPS) with vehicle sensors. The aim is to achieve enough accuracy to enable in vehicle cooperative collision warning, i.e., systems that provides warnings to drivers based on information about the motions of neighboring vehicles obtained by wireless communications from those vehicles, without use of ranging sensors. The vehicle sensors consist of wheel speed sensors, steering angle encoder, and a fiber optic gyro. We fuse these in an extended Kalman filter. The process model is a dynamic...

Middleware: Leveraging Mobile Communications for Road Safety and Congestion Relief

Manasseh, Christian
Raja Sengupta
2008

Middleware has emerged as an important architectural component in supporting distributed applications. The role of middleware is to present a unified programming model to application writers and to mask out problems of heterogeneity and distribution. This paper is motivated by the convergence of the embedded sensor and mobile communication revolutions in the automobile. The national vehicle fleet is morphing into a vast mobile sensor fleet. In this paper, we provide a middleware architecture and implementation that addresses the needs of a distributed system of mobile sensors comprised of...

Multichannel Medium Access Control for Dedicated Short-Range Communications

Mak, Tony K.
Laberteaux, Kenneth P.
Raja Sengupta
Ergen, Mustafa
2009

This paper describes a medium access control (MAC) protocol to enable multichannel operation for dedicated short-range communications (DSRCs). In particular, we focus on the challenge of supporting potentially high-bandwidth commercial or infotainment communications between vehicles and the roadside in hotspots over several service channels, while concurrently enabling time-critical vehicle-vehicle communications for safety in a separate channel. In our architecture, within hotspots, the communication is aided by one of the access points in the hotspot. This access point is designated as...

CSL: A Language to Specify and Re-specify Mobile Sensor Network Behaviors

Love, Joshua
Jariyasunant, Jerry
Pereira, Eloi
Zennaro, Marco
Hedrick, Karl
Kirsch, Christoph
Raja Sengupta
2009

The Collaborative Sensing Language (CSL) is a high-level feedback control language for mobile sensor networks (MSN). It specifies MSN controllers to accomplish network objectives with a dynamically changing ad-hoc resource pool. Furthermore, CSL is designed to allow the updating of controllers during execution (patching). This enables hierarchical control with simpler controllers at lower levels. The CSL Execution Engine contains the intelligence to allocate resources to tasks dynamically and adjust in real time to resource motion, this enables CSL controllers to be simple, intuitive and...

Learning User Perception to Traveler Situation Awareness Alerts on Mobile Devices

Manasseh, Christian
Fallah, Yaser P.
Raja Sengupta
Misener, James A.
2010

The use of mobile devices to deliver traveler information such as situation awareness and navigation guidance is on the rise. However, an optimal experience – and even more widespread use – may be impeded by the lack of personalized, user-tailored applications. The issue is that users react differently to traffic information, and information perceived useful by one user may be considered as nuisance by another. The authors provide evidence of this from a pilot field test performed on a situation awareness application that alerts the user of approaching slow traffic 1.6 km ahead. The...

Information Dissemination Control for Cooperative Active Safety Applications in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Huang, Ching-Ling
Fallah, Yaser P.
Raja Sengupta
Krishnan, Hariharan
2009

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) play a critical role in enabling highway active safety applications such as collision warning and vehicle tracking. The most pressing challenge in enabling such applications is to maximize the amount of disseminated vehicle state information while avoiding network congestion. In this paper, we explore the structure of VANET tracking problem and propose an adaptive rate control algorithm based on network condition and tracking error. Proposed algorithm uses a closed-loop control concept and accounts for the lossy channel. This algorithm is shown to achieve...

Reducing the Communication Required By DSRC-Based Vehicle Safety Systems

Rezaei, Shahram
Raja Sengupta
Krishnan, Hariharan
2009

We present an adaptive communication scheme for cooperative active safety system (CASS). CASS uses information communicated from neighboring vehicles via wireless communication in order to actively evaluate driving situations and provide warnings or other forms of assistance to drivers. In CASS, we assume that vehicles are equipped with a GPS receiver, a dedicated short range communications (DSRC) transceiver, and in-vehicle sensors. The information exchanges between vehicles include position, speed, heading, and other vehicle kinematic and dynamic information, and the information is...

ITS Band Roadside to Vehicle Communications in a Highway Setting

Dickey, Susan
Dulmage, Jared
Huang, Ching-Ling
Raja Sengupta
2010

Researchers investigated the testing and evaluation of radio and communication protocol standards for the 5.9 GHz spectrum that has been approved by the Federal Communications Commission for exclusive transportation use. This spectrum allocation is intended for use as Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) in the context of high-value Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications. In this report, we summarize the Wireless Access in a Vehicular Environment (WAVE) standardization effort for 5.9 GHz DSRC, its current status, and related issues of the IEEE 802.11p and IEEE 1609...

Implementation andEevaluation of Scalable Vehicle-to-Vehicle Transmission Control Protocol

Huang, Ching-Ling
Krishnan, Hariharan
Raja Sengupta
Fallah, Yaser P.
2010

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications play a critical role in enabling important cooperative safety applications. V2V safety communications rely on broadcast of self-state information (e.g., position, speed, and heading) by each vehicle, which allows a vehicle to track its neighboring vehicles in real-time. One of the most pressing challenges in this research is to maintain an acceptable tracking accuracy of neighboring vehicles while avoiding congestion in the shared communication channel. In this paper we describe the evaluation of a transmission control protocol that adapts the...

Congestion Control Based on Channel Occupancy in Vehicular Broadcast Networks

Fallah, Yaser P.
Huang, ChingLing
Raja Sengupta
Krishnan, Hariharan
2010

Cooperative vehicle safety (CVS) systems rely on vehicular ad-hoc networks operating in broadcast mode to deliver vehicle tracking and safety information to neighboring cars. This information is used to enable collision avoidance and warning systems. One of the main challenges of the eventual large scale deployment of such systems is network congestion, which could critically degrade the quality of a CVS system. In this paper, we present a method for congestion monitoring and control based on limited feedback from the network. We study the relationship between channel occupancy, as a...