Safety

A Spatial Agent-Based Model for the Simulation of Adults' Daily Walking Within a City

Yang, Y
Roux, AV Diez
Auchincloss, AH
Rodriguez, DA
Brown, DG
2011

Environmental effects(link is external) on walking behavior(link is external) have received attention in recent years because of the potential for policy interventions to increase ...

Methods for Identifying High Collision Concentration Locations for Potential Safety Improvements

Geyer, Judy
Lankina, Elena
Chan, Ching-Yao
Ragland, David
Pham, Trinh
Sharafsaleh, Ashkan
2008

The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) uses Table C and related documents to identify and to investigate locations within the state highway system where a relatively large number of collisions occur. In earlier years, a task force evaluated the process of generating and using these reports and found that there was much room for improvements. A list of recommendations was made. The efforts undertaken within this project is part of the effort to make the process of safety investigations and improvements more efficient and productive. This report summarizes the work carried...

Safety and Capacity Analysis of Automated and Manual Highway Systems

Carbaugh, Jason
Godbole, Datta N.
Sengupta, Raja
1999

This paper compares safety of automated and manual highway systems with respect to result- ing rear-end collision frequency and severity. The results show that automated driving is safer than the most alert manual drivers, at similar speeds and capacities. We also present a detailed safety-capacity tradeo study for four di erent Automated Highway System concepts that di er in their information structure and separation policy.

Transit Integrated Collision Warning System Volume II: Field Evaluation

Chan, Joanne
Dicky, Susan
Duncil, Bart
Johnston, Scott
Kretz, Paul
Lian, Thang
Lu, Xiaoyun
Marco, David
Nelson, David
Shladover, Steven
Zhang, Wei-Bin
Zhang, Yongquan
Duggins, Dave
Gowdy, Jay
Hebert, Martial
Kozar, John
MacLachlan, Rob
Metz, Christoph
Steinfeld, Aaron
Suppe, rne J
Thorpe, Chuck
Burton, Frank
DeBone, Dan
Snyder, Rick
2007

This evaluation report examines the performance of the Integrated Collision Warning System prototype developed by the University of California PATH Program and the Carnegie Mellon University Robotics Institute. The evaluation was based on testing the sensors, processing algorithms, and driver-vehicle interfaces in both controlled and real world operational environments. Evaluation metrics and methodologies were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the system. The effort for this evaluation was based on the following tasks:Task 1: Develop Evaluation ScenariosTask 2. Perform Closed Course...

A Reliable Direct Drive for the Steering Wheel Column of Buses

Eirea, Gabriel
Sanders, Seth
Zhang, Wei-Bin
2005

This final reports the fault analysis of precision docking system and safety design of the safety critical elements for precision docking system. The report includes three Parts, including:Part I provides a description of the Precision Docking System and reports analysis for fault diagnosis and safety design of automated steering controller and Electronic Control Unit (ECU) for steering actuator. It also reports a demonstration PATH conducted during the National Intelligent Vehicle Initiative demonstration organized by the US Department of Transportation Joint Program Office.Part II report...

Models of Vehicular Collision: Development and Simulation with Emphasis on Safety V: MEDUSA: Theory, Examples, User's Manual, Programmer's Guide and Code

O'Reilly, Oliver M.
Papadopoulos, Panayiotis
Lo, Gwo-Jeng
Varadi, Peter C.
1999

This document constitutes a final report for MOU 39. It contains a User's Manual, Programmer's Guide, source code and underlying theory for the program MEDUSA. This program is capable of simulating both the normative driving dynamics and collision dynamics of an arbitrary number of vehicles. Its range of validity lies in the assumed nature of the vehicular collision, and it is recommended for use in studying low relative velocity impact scenarios at large time-scales. Keywords: IVHS America, Vehicle Dynamics, Collision Dynamics, Safety, computer Simluation, Animal and Simulation; A...

Safety Evaluation of Vehicle Following Operations by Fault Tree and Sensitivity Analysis

Chan, Ching-Yao
2000

This document is the final report for the project of MOU325 for the fiscal years of 1997- 2000, which is a continuation of MOU253 from the years of 1995-1997. The major accomplishments from this project can be categorized into the following two areas:(1) Development of fault tree models for safety evaluation of advanced vehicle(2) Utilization of an off-the-shelf fault tree tool to conduct fault tree analysis, such as control and safety systems. cutest generation and sensitivity studies.This research project utilizes commercially available software tools, CAFTA for Windows, to evaluate the...

Integrated Roadway / Adaptive Cruise Control System: Safety, Performance, Environmental and Near Term Deployment Considerations

Zhang, Jianlong
Ioannou, Petros
2004

In this project, we design two new Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems based on driver comfort, safety, vehicle following performance, environmental and traffic flow characteristics considerations. A new variable time headway rule is proposed and used to meet these considerations. Analysis and simulations are used to evaluate and compare the two designs. The first ACC system (referred to as ACC01) incorporates two controllers: one for speed tracking and one for vehicle following. The second ACC system (referred to as ACC02) treats the vehicle following task as a special speed tracking...

Transit Integrated Collision Warning System Volume I: System Development

Chang, Joanne
Dicky, Susan
Duncil, Bart
Johnston, Scott
Kretz, Paul
Lian, Thang
Lu, Xiaoyun
Marco, David
Nelson, David
Shladover, Steven
Zhang, Wei-Bin
Zhang, Yongquan
Duggins, Dave
Gowdy, Jay
Hebert, Martial
Kozar, John
MacLachlan, Rob
Metz, Christoph
Steinfeld, Aaron
Suppe, Arne J
Burton, Frank
DeBone, Dan
Snyder, Rick
2007

Based on the foundation of the frontal and side collision warning systems, the Frontal Collision Warning System (FCWS) and Side Collision Warning System (SCWS) teams joined efforts to improve the collision warning algorithms. The objective of the ICWS Program is to study how frontal and side collision warning system might interface with each other, and to develop prototype ICWS systems on two buses, one at Samtrans and the other at PAT. The prototype ICWS buses have been in revenue operation in the Bay Area and Pittsburgh to collect field operational data and driver responses. The results...

Pedestrians' Perceptions of Walkability and Safety in Relation to the Built Environment in Cali, Colombia, 2009–10

Villaveces, A
Nieto, LA
Ortega, D
Ríos, JF
Medina, JJ
Gutiérrez, MI
2012

To assess pedestrians' perceptions of the walkability of the urban environment and pedestrian safety in Cali, Colombia. Standardised intercept interviews were conducted of 400 pedestrians walking in 20 randomly selected urban zones to ascertain frequency of walking, and perceptions of safety, the built environment and security. Four focus group meetings were held with community members and students addressing these issues in an open-ended forum. The study analysed quantitative data collected in street interviews and qualitative information from focus groups addressing respondents' views on...