Shared Mobility

U.S. Department of Transportation’s Mobility on Demand Initiative: Moving the Economy with Innovation and Understanding

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
Martin, Elliot
2018

The market for personal mobility is changing rapidly due to shifting social and cultural trends, as well as technological advances such as smartphones, information processing, and widespread data connectivity. Mobility on Demand (MOD) is an innovative transportation concept. On the supply side, transportation providers manage mobility rather than traffic through demand-responsive service, shifting use to alternate modes. On the demand side, mobility consumers reserve, dispatch, or use innovative mobility, public transportation, and goodsdelivery strategies in place of privately owned...

The U.S. Department of Transportation Smart City Challenge and the Federal Transit Administration Mobility on Demand Sandbox: Advancing Multimodal Mobility and Best Practices Workshop

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
Martin, Elliot
2017

The market for personal mobility is changing rapidly due to shifting social and cultural trends, as well as technological advances such as smartphones, information processing, and widespread data connectivity. Mobility on demand (MOD) is an innovative transportation concept where mobility consumers reserve, dispatch, or use shared mobility and public transportation solutions in place of privately owned modes. The most advanced forms of MOD incorporate trip planning and booking, real-time information, and fare payment into a single-user interface. Modes facilitated through MOD providers can...

Understanding Curb Management and Targeted Incentive Policies to Increase Transportation Network Company Pooling and Public Transit Linkages

Susan Shaheen
Darling, Wesley
Broader, Jacquelyn
Cohen, Adam
2021

Transportation network company (TNCs) rides that are shared amongst users (i.e., pooled) can offer a variety of benefits including increased mobility and reduced transportation emissions. However, very few TNC users select pooled trips and not all pooled rides are matched with other riders. This report supports increased pooling by exploring different pooling strategies and incentives. TNC users were actively engaged to offer insights through the photovoice methodology (a participatory research method that allows community members to use photography to communicate their personal...

Shared Mobility: Current Practices and Guiding Principles

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
Zohdy, Ismail
2016

This primer provides an introduction and background to shared mobility; discusses the government’s role; reviews success stories; examines challenges, lessons learned, and proposed solutions; and concludes with guiding principles for public agencies. The primer provides an overview of current practices in this emerging field, and it also looks toward the future in the evolution and development of shared mobility.

Shared Mobility: An Overview of Definitions, Current Practices, and Its Relationship to Mobility on Demand and Mobility as a Service

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
2021

Shared mobility—the shared use of a vehicle, bicycle, or other travel mode—is an innovative transportation strategy that enables users to have short-term access to a transportation mode on an as-needed basis. Shared mobility encompasses a variety of innovative and emerging passenger and last-mile delivery modes, such as bikesharing; carsharing; courier network services (CNS); for-hire services (e.g., taxis and transportation network companies (TNCs), also known as ridesourcing...

Shared Mobility Services: Prioritizing Social Good

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
2024

Access to transportation is integral to enhancing opportunities for employment, education, health care, and recreation. SAVs will not fundamentally solve today's transportation challenges. To solve them, AVs require thoughtful planning and public policies that balance societal goals with commercial interests. To harness and maximize the social and environmental benefits of highly automated vehicles, we need to prepare for a multiphase transition toward highly automated vehicles today. If driver-less vehicles are thoughtfully implemented with access and social/racial equity in mind,...

Shared Mobility Policies for California

Susan Shaheen
Cohen, Adam
2018

In recent years, economic, environmental, and social forces have quickly given rise to the “sharing economy,” a collective of entrepreneurs and consumers leveraging technology to share resources, save money, and generate capital. Shared mobility—the shared use of a vehicle, bicycle, or other low-speed travel mode—is an innovative transportation strategy that enables users to have short-term access to a transportation mode on an as-needed basis. Business-to-consumer services, such as Zipcar and car2go, and peer-to-peer carsharing and shared ride services, such as Getaround, Turo, Lyft, and...

Public Bikesharing in North America During a Period of Rapid Expansion: Understanding Business Models, Industry Trends & User Impacts, MTI Report 12-29

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
Martin, Elliot
Chan, Nelson
Pogodzinski, Mike
2014

Public bikesharing—the shared use of a bicycle fleet—is an innovative transportation strategy that has recently emerged in major cities around the world, including North America. Information technology (IT)-based bikesharing systems typically position bicycles throughout an urban environment, among a network of docking stations, for immediate access. Trips can be one-way, round-trip, or both, depending on the operator. Bikesharing can serve as a first-and-last mile connector to other modes, as well as for both short and long distance destinations. In 2012, 22 IT-based public...

Policy and Regulatory Environment: Shared Automated Vehicles

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
Stocker, Adam D.
2024

This chapter examines the policy implications of shared automated vehicles (SAVs). It discusses the current state of automated vehicle (AV) and SAV policy in the United States (U.S.) and assesses possible future technology deployment and adoption scenarios. The discussion explores a variety of topics related to SAVs and recommends policy approaches regarding these topics. The authors examine shared mobility policies and developments to compare and contrast possible SAV approaches. The policy topics covered in this chapter include: (1) passenger safety; (2) data sharing; (3) mitigating for...

Next Generation Mobility Systems

Susan Shaheen
Adam Cohen
2026

In recent years, mobility on demand (MOD) is gaining popularity amongmobility consumers. This innovative concept is based on the principle thattransportation is a commodity where modes have economic values that aredistinguishable in terms of cost, journey time, wait time, number of con-nections, convenience, and other attributes. MOD enables consumers toaccess mobility, goods and services on demand by dispatching or usingshared mobility, delivery services and public transportation strategiesthrough an integrated and connected multi-modal network. This chapterdescribes the different...