Electric Vehicles

Optimal Routing and Charging of Electric Ride-Pooling Vehicles in Urban Networks

Nicolas, Léa
Moura, Scott J.
2016

In this project, we study an Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Pick-ups and Deliveries, Time Windows, and Recharging Stations on New York City Taxicab data. In order to solve this problem, we divide the problems into three phases: (i) grouping similar customer requests by identifying geographic zones and time slots; (ii) determine groups of passengers to be transported together; (iii) complete the vehicle itinerary between these groups of passengers. The first phase uses the clustering method k-means  on the locations of pick-ups and deliveries of New York City taxicabs in...

Coordination of V2G and Distributed Wind Power Using the Storage-like Aggregate PEV Model

Zhang, Hongcai
Hu, Zechun
Song, Yonghua
Moura, Scott
2016

A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) fleet utilizing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, i.e., a V2G fleet, can behave as a storage system, e.g., promoting integration of distributed wind power resources. However, because the PEVs' behaviors are stochastic and a V2G fleet's population is large, three technical difficulties hinder the utilization of V2G: charging demand forecasting; ahead-of-time charge and discharge scheduling; real-time charge and discharge power dispatching. This paper utilizes a storage-like aggregate model (SLAM) of a V2G fleet that employs aggregated parameters to represent...

Stochastic Control of Smart Home Energy Management with Plug-in Electric Vehicle Battery Energy Storage and Photovoltaic Array

Wu, Xiaohua
Hu, Xiaosong
Moura, Scott
Yin, Xiaofeng
Pickert, Volker
2016

Energy management strategies are instrumental in the performance and economy of smart homes integrating renewable energy and energy storage. This article focuses on stochastic energy management of a smart home with PEV (plug-in electric vehicle) energy storage and photovoltaic (PV) array. It is motivated by the challenges associated with sustainable energy supplies and the local energy storage opportunity provided by vehicle electrification. This paper seeks to minimize a consumer's energy charges under a time-of-use tariff, while satisfying home power demand and PEV charging requirements...

A Second Order Cone Programming Model for PEV Fast-Charging Station Planning

Zhang, Hongcai
Moura, Scott
Hu, Zechun
Qi, Wei
Song, Yonghua
2017

This paper studies siting and sizing of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) fast-charging stations on coupled transportation and power networks. We develop a closed-form service rate model of highway PEV charging stations' service abilities, which considers heterogeneous PEV driving ranges and charging demands.We utilize a modified capacitated flow refueling location model (CFRLM) to explicitly capture time-varying PEV charging demands on the transportation network under driving range constraints. We explore extra constraints of the CFRLM to enhance model accuracy and computational efficiency....

Joint Planning of PEV Fast-Charging Network and Distributed PV Generation

Zhang, Hongcai
Moura, Scott J.
Hu, Zechun
Qi, Wei
2017

Integration of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) with distributed renewable resources will decrease PEVs' well-to-wheels greenhouse gas emissions, promote renewable power adoption and defer power system investments. This paper proposes a multidisciplinary approach to jointly planning PEV fast-charging stations and distributed photovoltaic (PV) power plants on coupled transportation and power networks. First, we develop models of 1) PEV fast-charging stations; 2) highway transportation networks under PEV driving range constraints; 3) PV power plants with reactive power control. Then, we...

Joint PEV Charging Station and Distributed PV Generation Planning

Zhang, Hongcai
Moura, Scott
Hu, Zechun
Qi, Wei
Song, Yonghua
2017

Integration of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) with distributed renewable resources will decrease PEVs' well-to-wheels greenhouse gas emissions, alleviate power congestions and defer power system investments. This paper proposes a two stage stochastic joint planning model of PEV fast-charging stations and distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation on coupled transportation and power networks, considering stochastic characteristics of base load, traffic flow and PV power. We use origin-destination (OD) traffic flow to estimate PEV charging demands and propose a second order cone programming...

Stochastic Day Ahead Load Scheduling for Aggregated Distributed Energy Resources

Travacca, Bertrand
Bae, Sangjae
Wu, Jiacheng
Moura, Scott
2017

This paper presents an optimal Day-Ahead Electricity Market (DAM) bidding strategy for an aggregator leveraging a pool of residential prosumers: residential customers with local photovoltaic (PV) production and plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging flexibility. The aggregator's point-of-view differs from the social planner angle that is taken in the majority of the existing literature, mainly the aggregator is considered to be a private entity (e.g. an electricity retailer). We propose a novel approach to tackling this optimization problem, by including risk management in the objective...

PDE Modeling and Control of Electric Vehicle Fleets for Ancillary Services: A Discrete Charging Case

Le Floch, Caroline
Kara, Emre C.
Moura, Scott
2018

This paper examines modeling and control of a large population of grid-connected plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). PEV populations can be leveraged to provide valuable grid services when managed via model-based control. However, such grid services cannot sacrifice a PEV's primary purpose-mobility. We consider an aggregator, which can control a fleet of PEVs with three possible charging rates: charging at a constant rate, discharging at a constant rate or idle. We develop a system of coupled partial differential equations for aggregating large populations of PEVs and transform its...

Planning for Electric Vehicles Coupled with Urban Mobility

Xu, Yanyan
Çolak, Serdar
Kara, Emre C.
Moura, Scott J.
González, Marta C.
2018

The rising adoption of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) leads to the alignment of their electricity and their mobility demands. Therefore, transportation and power infrastructures are becoming increasingly interdependent. In this work, we uncover patterns of PEV mobility by integrating for the first time two unique data sets: (i) mobile phone activity of 1.39 million Bay Area residents and (ii) charging activity of PEVs in 580,000 sessions obtained in the same region. We present a method to estimate individual mobility of PEV drivers at fine temporal and spatial resolution integrating...

A Second-Order Cone Programming Model for Planning PEV Fast-Charging Stations

Zhang, Hongcai
Moura, Scott J.
Hu, Zechun
Qi, Wei
2018

This paper studies siting and sizing of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) fast-charging stations on coupled transportation and power networks. We develop a closed-form model for PEV fast-charging stations' service abilities, which considers heterogeneous PEV driving ranges and charging demands. We utilize a modified capacitated flow refueling location model based on subpaths (CFRLM_SP) to explicitly capture time-varying PEV charging demands on the transportation network under driving range constraints. We explore extra constraints of the CFRLM_SP to enhance model accuracy and computational...