Policy

Short-Term Planning and Policy Interventions to Promote Cycling in Urban Centers: Findings from a Commute Mode Choice Analysis in Barcelona, Spain

Braun, L
Rodriguez, D
Cole-Hunter, T
Ambros, A
Donaire-Gonzalez, D
Jerrett, M
Mendez, M
Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ
Nazelle, A De
2016
Cycling for transportation has become an increasingly important component of strategies to address public health, climate change, and air quality concerns in urban centers. Within this context, planners and policy makers would benefit from an improved understanding of available interventions and their relative effectiveness for cycling promotion. We examined predictors of bicycle commuting that are relevant to planning and policy intervention, particularly those amenable to short- and medium-term action. We estimated a travel mode choice model using data from a...

To Pool or Not to Pool? Understanding Opportunities, Challenges, and Equity Considerations to Expanding the Market for Pooling

Lazarus, Jessica
Caicedo, Juan
Bayen, Alexandre
Shaheen, Susan A
2021

On-demand mobility services such as bikesharing, scooter sharing, and transportation network companies (TNCs, also known as ridesourcing and ridehailing) are changing the way that people travel by providing dynamic, on-demand mobility that can supplement public transit and personal-vehicle use. Adoption of on-demand mobility has soared across the United States and abroad, driven by the flexibility and affordability that these services offer, particularly in urban areas where population density and land use patterns facilitate a reliable balance of supply and demand. The growth of app-based...

Long Term Impacts of California’s Graduated Licensing Law of 1998

Cooper, Douglas
Gillen, David
2005

In July 1998 California changed its graduated driver licensing laws (GDL) for new drivers under the age of 18 to include restrictions on hours of driving, carrying teen-age passengers, and requiring more adult supervised driving practice. With fatal and injury crash data from California's Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System, this study, sponsored by Caltrans, used standard regression analysis as well as the Bai-Perron stochastic multiple structural break model to determine the effect of the law on teen-age passengers and crash rates of 16 year-old drivers. We found that in the four...

A Comparative Systems-level Analysis: Automated Freeways, Hov Lanes, Transit Expansion, Pricing Policies And Land Use Intensification

Johnston, Robert
1997

The focus of this project was to examine the potential travel, emissions, and consumer benefits of advanced freeway automation and travel demand management measures. The Sacramento Regional Travel Demand model (SACMET 95) was used to simulate the travel effects of travel demand management measures in the Sacramento region for a twenty year time horizon. The scenarios examined included various combinations of automated freeways, new High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes, transit, land use intensification, and pricing policies.

Methods Of Analysis Of Ivhs Safety: Executive Summary

Hitchcock, Anthony
1992

This report presents the executive summary to a study on developing and demonstrating methods by which the safety of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) can be assured, assessed and evaluated. Safety considerations were studied for automated freeways, driver aids and copilots. Management and policy issues are briefly discussed in conclusion.

U.S. Shared-use Vehicle Survey Findings: Opportunities and Obstacles for Carsharing and Station Car Growth

Shaheen, Susan A.
Meyn, Mollyanne
Wipyewski, Kamill
2003

Shared-use vehicle services provide members access to a vehicle fleet for use on an as needed basis, without the hassles and costs of individual auto ownership. From June 2001 to July 2002, the authors surveyed 18 U.S. shared-use vehicle organizations on a range of topics, including organizational size, partnerships, pricing, costs, and technology. While survey findings demonstrate a decline in the number of organizational starts in the last year, operational launches into new cities, membership, and fleet size continue to increase. Several growth-oriented organizations are responsible for...

Lessons in Network Management: Cross-Industry Comparisons and Implications for ITS Development

Horan, Thomas A.
Reany, William
2002

This report provides an historical and case study analysis of policies aimed toward the management of complex systems, with specific reference to the role of public policy and technology in balancing surface transportation system demand and supply. Three case studies form the crux of the paper energy management, airport management, and Internet growth. Lessons from these case studies are then applied to the circumstance of ITS deployment to manage surface transportation in California. Following an introductory section (1), section 2 provides an historical analysis of the forces with have...

An Empirical Exploration of Bus Travel Times and Dwell Times in a Highly Competitive Exclusive Busway

Rodriguez, DA
Ardila, A
2002

Busway transit has reemerged as a cost-effective transportation alternative for providing urban mobility. This article examines the operational characteristics of an exclusive busway svstem with high passenger ridership and subject to the competitive forces of individual operators. Results of a running time model suggest that the increase in running time associated with an additional passenger movement is low but that the delay imposed by recurrent vehicle deceleration and acceleration related to frequent stops is high. Frequent vehicle stops reduce fuel efficiency, increase...

Paying for Safety: An Economic Analysis of the Effect of Compensation on Truck Driver Safety: Executive Summary

Belzer, MH
Rodriguez, DA
Sedo, SA
2002

This report examines the link between truck driver pay and driver safety. It establishes a relationship that is important for policy purposes because it suggests that low driver pay, which we expect is linked to low but unmeasured human capital, may be an important predictor of truck driver safety. The study uses three different data sets at three different levels of analysis to demonstrate this link. The study also includes an estimation of the truck driver labor supply curve, an important contribution to understanding drivers’ (and carriers’) preferences for balancing income and work...

Spatial Choices and Excess Commuting: A Case Study of Bank Tellers in Bogota, Colombia

Rodrı́guez, DA
2004

This study uses disaggregate data from Bogotá, Colombia to examine the presumption that individuals engaging in excess commuting have satisfactorily traded commuting for other location benefits. By estimating involuntary and voluntary excess commuting, the study illustrates that deviations from the minimum commute implied by the urban spatial structure are expected due to temporal and structural constraints, even when the journey-to-work is a household’s only locational concern. Therefore, the usefulness of excess commuting estimates for informing policy choices hinging on the...