Traffic Operations and Management

Using Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) to Form High-Performance Vehicle Streams: Simulation Results Analysis

Liu, Hao
Kan, Xingan (David)
Shladover, Steven E.
Lu, Xiao-Yun
2018

This document contains detailed simulation results analysis and discussion for the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) project entitled Using Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) to Form High-Performance Vehicle Streams. The objective of this study is to obtain authoritative predictions of traffic impacts of ACC and CACC at various market penetrations and define the CACC operation strategies that create the most capacity and throughput improvement in the freeway traffic stream. A microscopic traffic simulation environment has been developed for...

Expediting Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (EVII): Where the Rubber Meets (and Talks to) the Road

Varaiya, Pravin P
2006

This research demonstrated two potential VII (vehicle-infrastructure integration) services, one in traffic data probes and the other with safety. A real private vehicle, operating on California roadways, “talked” to the roadside, with the roadside backhaul interfacing into an existing California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) database and archival application. Demonstration of a probe application showed great promise for supplementing Caltrans’ database with VII- or DSRC-based probe data. Similar promise was shown with a road condition monitoring system, which demonstrated the...

Distance-Dependent Congestion Pricing for Downtown Zones

Daganzo, Carlos F.
Lehe, Lewis J.
2015

A growing literature exploits macroscopic theories of traffic to model congestion pricing policies in downtown zones. This study introduces trip length heterogeneity into this analysis and proposes a usage-based, time-varying congestion toll that alleviates congestion while prioritizing shorter trips. Unlike conventional trip-based tolls the scheme is intended to align the fees paid by drivers with the actual congestion damage they do, and to increase the toll’s benefits as a result. The scheme is intended to maximize the number of people that finish their trips close to their desired...

Theory of Highway Traffic Signals

Newell, Gordon F.
1989

This report gives a comprehensive survey of the theory of highway traffic signals including isolated signals, one-way arterials, two-way arterials, and networks, limited however, to the common right angle junctions. The emphasis is on the logistics of control strategies rather than recipes for implementation. It is anticipated, however, that the implementation of some of the strategies described here will give substantial reductions in delays as compared with existing procedures.

Multimodality in a Metroplex Environment: A Case Study in the San Francisco Bay Area

Marzuoli, Aude
Feron, Eric
Hansen, Mark
Bayen, Alexandre
Boidot, Emmanuel
2015

The present paper focuses on the crisis management following Asiana Crash at San Francisco International Aiport in July 2013.

Measuring the Influence of Recurring Sporting Events on Freeway Characteristics

Seeherman, Joshua
Anderson, Paul
2017

Freeway traffic is subject to the effects of recurring and non-recurring events. Changes in the traffic stream as a result of recurring special events, specifically sports, is an area that is not well researched. This study examined freeway detectors adjacent to two baseball stadiums in California to analyze the contribution of a baseball game to freeway flow and occupancy for weekday evening games. In addition, hourly volumes on local rail transit were analyzed in the San Francisco case. Findings include a statistically significant effect of baseball increasing the flow by approximately 1...

Increasing Mobility in Cities by Controlling Overcrowding

Geroliminis, Nikolaos
2007

Various theories have been proposed to describe vehicular traffic movement in cities on an aggregate level. They fall short to create a macroscopic model with variable inputs and outputs that could describe a rush hour dynamically. This dissertation work shows that a macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) relating production (the product of average flow and network length) and accumulation (the product of average density and network length) exists for neighborhoods of cities in the order of 5-10km2. It also demonstrates that conditional on accumulation large networks behave predictably and...

Dynamic Traffic Feedback Data Enabled Energy Management in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Sun, Chao
Moura, Scott Jason
Hu, Xiaosong
Hedrick, J. Karl
Sun, Fengchun
2015

Recent advances in traffic monitoring systems have made real-time traffic velocity data ubiquitously accessible for drivers. This paper develops a traffic data-enabled predictive energy management framework for a power-split plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). Compared with conventional model predictive control (MPC), an additional supervisory state of charge (SoC) planning level is constructed based on real-time traffic data. A power balance-based PHEV model is developed for this upper level to rapidly generate battery SoC trajectories that are utilized as final-state constraints in...

Robust Optimal ECO-driving Control with Uncertain Traffic Signal Timing

Sun, Chao
Shen, Xinwei
Moura, Scott
2018

This paper proposes a robust optimal eco-driving control strategy considering multiple signalized intersections with uncertain traffic signal timing. A spatial vehicle velocity profile optimization formulation is developed to minimize the global fuel consumption, with driving time as one state variable. We introduce the concept of `effective red-light duration' (ERD), formulated as a random variable, to describe the feasible passing time through signalized intersections. A chance constraint is appended to the optimal control problem to incorporate robustness with respect to uncertain...

Robust Eco-Driving Control of Autonomous Vehicles Connected to Traffic Lights

Sun, Chao
Guanetti, Jacopo
Borrelli, Francesco
Moura, Scott
2019

This paper focuses on the speed planning problem for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) communicating to traffic lights. The uncertainty of traffic signal timing for signalized intersections on the road is considered. The eco-driving problem is formulated as a data-driven chance constrained robust optimization problem. Effective red light duration (ERD) is defined as a random variable, and describes the feasible passing time through the signalized intersections. In practice, the true probability distribution for ERD is usually unknown. Consequently, a data-driven approach is adopted...