Smart Cities

Vehicle Detection by Sensor Network Nodes

Ding, Jiagen
Cheung, Sing-Yiu
Tan, Chin-Woo
Varaiya, Pravin
2004

This report presents the algorithm development and experimental work of the sensor node signal processing for vehicle detection. The signals used for vehicle detection are acoustic and magnetic signals. The acoustic signals are characterized by short time FFT analysis and two acoustic vehicle detection algorithms are proposed: the Adaptive Threshold algorithm (ATA) and the Min-max algorithm (MMA). The ATA detects vehicle by searching for a sequence of 1's after slicing the acoustic energy curve using an adaptive threshold. The MMA detects vehicles by searching the local maximum in the...

Evaluation of the Anaheim Advanced Traffic Control System Field Operational Test: Final Report Task B; Assessment of Institutional Issues

McNally, M.G.
Moore, James E., II
MacCarley, C. Arthur
Jayakrishnan, R.
1999

This report provides an overview of the technical and institutional issues associated with the evaluation of the federally-sponsored Anaheim Advanced Traffic Control System Field Operations Test. The primary FOT objective was the implementation and performance evaluation of adaptive traffic signal control technologies including an existing second generation approach, SCOOT, and a 1.5 generation control (1.5GC) approach under development. Also selected for implementation was a video traffic detection system (VTDS). The SCOOT evaluation was defined relative to existing, first generation UTCS...

Relationships Among Urban Freeway Accidents, Traffic Flow, Weather, and Lighting Conditions

Golob, Thomas F.
Recker, Wilfred W.
2003

Linear and nonlinear multivariate statistical analyses are applied to determine how the types of accidents that occur on heavily used freeways in Southern California are related both to the flow of traffic and to weather and ambient lighting conditions. Traffic flow is measured in terms of time series of 30-second observations from inductive loop detectors in the vicinity of the accident prior to the time of its occurrence. Results indicate that the type of collision is strongly related to median traffic speed and to temporal variations in speed in the left and interior lanes. Hit-object...

Cybersecurity of Our Transportation Ecosystem

Peterson, Brian
2022

Cybersecurity has become a critical issue in today’s world. In the past, security of our cyberspace was an important issue for some sectors of the economy, especially those dealing with financial information, personal identification related information, corporate systems and trade secrets, government classified information, and other types of data considered valuable targets for hackers. For other sectors, there was much less attention and resources dedicated to protection of our information and control systems. These sectors were often considered less likely to be targeted and a less...

Toward Deployment of Adaptive Transit Signal Priority Systems

Li, Meng
Zhou, Kun
Yin, Yafeng
Tan, Chin-Woo
Zhang, Wei-Bin
Sun, Sonja
Leung, Kai
Lau, James
2008

This document reports the continuous efforts conducted by California PATH Program on the development and implementation of an Adaptive Transit Signal Priority (ATSP) system. The ATSP system has three distinguished features, including: (1) providing priority to transit vehicles while making a tradeoff between bus delay savings and the impacts on the rest of the traffic, (2) utilizing existing AVL/communication system already instrumented on buses to continuously monitor bus locations and predict bus arrival times to intersections and to request signal priority, and (3) building upon closed-...

CARTESIUS and CTNET - Integration and Field Operational Test

McNally, Michael G.
Rindt, Craig R.
2010

This report describes the conclusion of PATH Task Order 6324: CARTESIUS and CTNET---Field Operational Test. We describe the results of the multi-year project focused on integrating Caltrans primary signal management system, CTNET, with a major product from the Caltrans ATMS Testbed: the Coordinated Adaptive Real-Time Expert System for Incident management in Urban Systems, or more simply, CARTESIUS. The major products of this research include numerous software products for integrating CTNET with field devices, simulation software, with other traffic management systems in general, and with a...

Red-Light-Running Collision Avoidance: Final Report

Grembek, Offer
Zhou, Kun
Li, Irene
Li, Meng
Zhang, Wei-Bin
Zou, Zhijun
2009

Red-Light-Running (RLR) is the leading cause of urban crashes. This report presents the findings from an investigation of signal control-related countermeasures to reduce the occurrences of RLR and related collisions. The objectives of this study were to identify and evaluate potential modifications to signal timing schemes in reducing the frequency of RLR and to develop online adaptive RLR collision avoidance algorithms to reduce the possibility of RLR collisions. High quality, second-by-second vehicle count and signal timing and phasing data were collected at arterial intersections. A...

Automated Travel Time Measurement Using Vehicle Lengths from Loop Detector Speed Traps

Coifman, Benjamin
Cassidy, Michael
2000

This report presents a vehicle reidentification algorithm for consecutive detector stations on a freeway, whereby a vehicle measurement made at a downstream detector station is matched with the vehicle's corresponding measurement at an upstream station. The algorithm should improve freeway surveillance by measuring the actual vehicle travel times; these are simply the differences in the times that each (matched) vehicle arrives to the upstream and downstream stations. Thus, it will be possible to quantify conditions between widely spaced detector stations rather than assuming that the...

Transit Signal Priority Research Tools

Li, Yuwei
2008

This report addresses Transit Signal Priority (TSP) deployment issues. It reviews National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol (NTCIP) 1211 Signal Control and Prioritization (SCP) standards, defines five SCP scenarios, and describes how the SCP scenarios can be applied differently based on TSP priority and operating policies. The report provides an overview of a number of TSP systems, including centralized TSP, two discrete TSP systems based on loop detection and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies, and an Adaptive Transit Signal Priority (ATSP) system. A comparison of...

New Hardware and Software Design of a Field-Deployable Real-Time Laser-Based Non-Intrusive Detection System for Measurement of True Travel Time on the Highway

Cheng, Harry H.
Shaw, Ben
Palen, Joe
Lin, Bin
Hu, Xudong
Chen, Bo
Parks, Jason
2001

A new version of a field-deployable real-time laser-based detection system has been developed using new techniques of electronics and optics. The laser-based non-intrusive detection system uses a laser line that is projected onto the ground as a probe. The reflected light is collected and focused into a photodiode array by an optical system. Vehicle presence is detected based on the absence of reflected laser light. By placing two identical laser/sensor pairs at a known distance apart, the speeds of both the front and rear of a vehicle are measured based on the times when each sensor is...