Sustainability

Lifecycle Cost Assessment and Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Diesel, Natural Gas, Hybrid Electric, Fuel Cell Hybrid and Electric Transit Buses

Antti Lajunen
Tim Lipman
2016

This paper evaluates the lifecycle costs and carbon dioxide emissions of different types of city buses. The simulation models of the different powertrains were developed in the Autonomie vehicle simulation software. The carbon dioxide emissions were calculated both for the bus operation and for the fuel and energy pathways from well to tank. Two different operating environment case scenarios were used for the primary energy sources, which were Finland and California (USA). The fuel and energy pathways were selected appropriately in relation to the operating environment. The lifecycle costs...

Evaluation of Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Units for Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks

Christie-Joy Brodrick
Tim Lipman
Mohammad Farshchi
Nicholas P. Lutsey
Harry A. Dwyer
Daniel Sperling
William Gouse
Bruce Harris
Foy King
2002

A large number of heavy-duty trucks idle a significant amount. Heavy-duty line-haul truck engines idle about 20–40% of the time the engine is running, depending on season and operation. Drivers idle engines to power climate control devices (e.g., heaters and air conditioners) and sleeper compartment accessories (e.g., refrigerators, microwave ovens, and televisions) and to avoid start-up problems in cold weather. Idling increases air pollution and energy use, as well as wear and tear on engines. Efforts to reduce truck idling in the US have been sporadic, in part because it is widely...

A Systematic Review of Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Intensity Values for Hydrogen Production Pathways

P Busch
A Kendall
Tim Lipman
2023

Hydrogen is a potential low-carbon energy carrier to replace fossil fuels, especially in industrial and transportation applications where decarbonization is particularly challenging. Hydrogen can be generated via several feedstocks and technology combinations (pathways) that result in different life cycle greenhouse gas emissions intensities, thus policies and investments intended to deploy hydrogen as a climate solution must differentiate among pathways. To collect and analyze current estimates of the life cycle greenhouse gas intensity of hydrogen pathways, a systematic scholarly...

Driving California’s Transportation Emissions to Zero

Austin Brown
Daniel Sperling
Bernadette Austin
J. R. DeShazo
Lew Fulton
Tim Lipman
Colin Murphy
Jean Daniel
Gil Tal
Carolyn Abrams
Debapriya Chakraborty
Daniel Coffee
Sina Dabag
Adam Davis
Mark Delucchi
Kelly Fleming
Kate Forest
Juan Carlos Garcia Sanchez
Susan Handy
Michael Hyland
Alan Jenn
Seth Karten
Blake Lane
Michael Mackinnon
Elliot Martin
Marshall Miller
Monica Ramirez-Ibarra
Stephen Ritchie
Sara Schremmer
Joshua Segui
Susan Shaheen
Andre Tok
Aditya Voleti
Julie Witcover
Allison Yang
2021

The purpose of this report is to provide a research-driven analysis of options that can put California on a pathway to achieve carbon-neutral transportation by 2045. The report comprises thirteen sections. Section 1 provides an overview of the major components of transportation systems and how those components interact. Section 2 discusses the impacts the COVID-19 pandemic has had on transportation. Section 3 discusses California’s current transportation-policy landscape. These three sections were previously published as a synthesis report. Section 4 analyzes the different carbon scenarios...

Carbon Neutrality Study 1:Driving California’s Transportation Emissions to Zero

Austin Brown
Kelly Fleming
Tim Lipman
Lew Fulton
Jean Daniel Saphores
Gil Tal
Colin Murphy
Susan Shaheen
Bernadette Austin
Juan Carlos Garcia Sanchez
Elliot Martin
Marshall Miller
Michael Hyland
Susan Handy
Mark Delucchi
Daniel Coffee
J. R. DeShazo
2020

The purpose of this study overall is to explore the policy pathways to achieve a zero carbon transportation system in California by 2045. The purpose of this synthesis report is to describe the existing state of knowledge and policy related to energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transportation sector, especially in California. It is an interim product of the larger study, which will use this report as the baseline and policy context sections. The report comprises four sections. Section 1 provides an overview of the major components of transportation systems and how those...

Emerging Technologies for Higher Fuel Economy Automobile Standards

Tim Lipman
2017

Transportation systems contribute significantly to air pollution and ∼15% globally and ∼25% in the United States to emissions climate-changing gases. In the United States, the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards for motor vehicles were significantly raised in 2012 for the first time in almost three decades. The standards now call for an average across manufacturers of 54.5 miles per gallon (mpg) for new passenger cars by 2025, or 163 grams per mile (g/mi) of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and of 47 mpg (196 g/mi) by 2021. The light truck standards, which include minivans and...

Managing partnerships for sustainable development: The Berkeley—China sustainable transportation program

Alainna Thomas
Elizabeth Deakin
2017

Over a five-year period, the University of California Berkeley’s Global Metropolitan Studies-China Program conducted research in partnership with local counterparts in Beijing, Shanghai, Jinan, Chengdu, and Kunming. Research focused on strategies for maintaining and increasing the sustainability of the cities’ transportation systems in the face of rapid economic growth and accelerating motorization, and included planning, analysis, and design of projects on transit-oriented development, non-motorized transportation, and bus rapid transit. In this paper, we focus on two cases that exemplify...

Carbon in Motion 2050” for North America and Latin America

Lee Schipper
Wei-Shiuen Ng
Brian Gould
Elizabeth Deakin
2010

Transportation contributed nearly 25 percent of global anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in 2007. The level of emissions depends on the distances people and goods travel, the modes with which they use, the fuel consumed per kilometer moved and the CO2 associated with each fuel. Different developed countries have complied to different levels of emissions reductions targets, while developing countries are not subject to any national agreement to reduce their emissions levels. For the United States, President Obama has pledged to reduce CO2 emissions between 14 percent and 17...

Sustainable Transportation: The Future of the Automobile in an Environmentally Constrained World

Lee Schipper
Elizabeth Deakin
Daniel Sperling
2010

“Sustainable Transportation: The Future of the Automobile in an Environmentally Constrained World” has analyzed the nature of the problems confronting the transportation systems of industrialized countries. We seek to understand how travel and energy use for travel (and freight) is changing, how these changes may affect the environment, and how the environmental problems may in turn affect future travel and freight activity. During its first three years, the study focused on the automobile. During the final two years, we aim to examine other modes of transportation more closely, in order...

Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Urban Road Transport in Latin America: CO2 Reduction as a Co-Benefit of Transport Strategies

Lee Schipper
Elizabeth Deakin
Carolyn McAndrews
Werner Rothengatter
Yoshitsugu Hayashi
Wolfgang Schade
2011

We review aggregate trends in CO2 emissions from road transport in Latin America. Comparison with other regions, as well as with automobile ownership and use suggests that road transport the emissions in this region are closely connected to high automobile ownership and use. Examination of detailed estimates of vehicle stocks, use and fuel intensity as well as data from four large metropolises in the region confirms this suggestion. The same data show that it is cars that are the main reason for congestion, high levels of air pollution, and other transport related externalities in urban...