Connected and Automated Vehicles

Longitudinal Control Development For Ivhs Fully Automated And Semi-automated Systems - Phase 1

Hedrick, J. K.
Mcmahnon, D.
Swaroop, D.
Garg, V.
Gerdes, J.
Maciuca, D.
Blackman, T.
Yip, P.
1995

This report addresses some of the important longitudinal vehicle modeling and control issues of Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS) such as brake dynamic model development and validation, decentralized longitudinal control algorithms which guarantee the stability of the entire platoon and fault detection and isolation in the longitudinal vehicle dynamics of controlled vehicles.

Longitudinal And Lateral Throughput On An Idealized Highway

Hall, Randolph W.
1993

The objective of this paper is to develop a throughput model of a multiple- lane Automated Highway System (AHS) with lane changes. The paper uses deterministic approximations to model highway throughput, accounting for both longitudinal and lateral requirements. The model is designed to account for trip-length distributions, and the effect of these distributions on the rate of lane changes between each pair of adjacent lanes. To illustrate fundamental principles, the model is applied to an idealized highway operating under sanitary conditions, both in time and space. Parametric analysis is...

Summary of Observations on July 1993 Study Tour to Japan

Orne, Donald E.
Shladover, Steven E.
1993

The purpose of this report is to document some lessons learned during the July 3-16, 1993 tour of Japan and Intelligent Vehicles ’93 Symposium attendance by PATH Director Donald E. Orne and Deputy Director/AVCS Program Manager Steven E. Shladover.The tour was arranged by PATH through Japanese contacts to coincide with the Intelligent Vehicles ’93 conference. Most of the contacts were known to PATH either from introductions at various conferences or by visits to PATH offices.Special attention was given by Orne and Shladover to consider the extent to which interaction with government,...

Lateral Control of Heavy Duty Vehicles for Automated Highway System: Experimental Study on a Tractor Semi-trailer

Hingwe, Pushkar
Wang, Jeng-Yu
Tai, Meihua
Tomizuka, Masayoshi
2000

The project "Lateral Control of Heavy Duty Vehicles for Automated Highway Systems" (MOU 313) represents continuation of the heavy vehicle research in PATH which was initiated in 1993 with MOU 129, "Steering and Braking Control of Heavy Duty Vehicles" and was followed with MOU 242, "Steering and Braking Control of Heavy Duty Vehicles". While the emphasis of the earlier projects was on analysis of lateral control for heavy vehicles, namely, model development and control design, the emphasis of MOU 313, has been experimental evaluation of the models and the controllers developed so far. The...

A Focus Group Study of Automated Highway Systems and Related Technologies

Yim, Youngbin
1997

The paper presents the findings of a focus group study of the automated highway system and its related technologies, specifically adaptive cruise control and collision avoidance systems, in the San Francisco Bay Area. A majority of the participants had a favorable reaction to AHS despite the fact that almost all were concerned about its safety and funding capability. Responses to the adaptive cruise control were generally positive. The focus group participants recognized the safety benefits, the convenience, and especially the stress reduction of using the automated highway system, when...

Communication Requirements and Network Design for IVHS

Hsu, Ivy Pei-Shan
Walrand, Jean
1993

This paper presents the communication needs between vehicles and the roadside infrastructure for IVHS applications. The requirements of each application, in terms of message length, frequency, and acceptable delay, are estimated. Based on these estimates, we assess the amount of radio spectrum needed to support these applications. We find that about 1.2 MHz is required to support full highway coverage. We discuss the topology and capacity allocation problems for the road-based network and present one possible implementation. We show a case study of network design and link capacity...

Combined Brake and Steering Actuator for Automatic Vehicle Control

Prohaska, R.
Devlin, P.
1998

This report describes a combined steering and brake actuator system for use in automatic vehicle control research The system allows a standard passenger car to switch from normal manual operation to automatic operation and back in a seamless manner using largely standard parts. The system uses a constant flow actuator system which employs valves using standard constant-pressure spool valve bodies and custom spools. The technique minimizes the mechanical disruption to the vehicle and also allows a smooth transmission between modes.

High Occupancy Vehicle/Toll Lanes: How Do They Operate and Where Do They Make Sense?

Dahlgren, Joy
1999

Motivated by the need for better utilization of existing high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes and the potential of high-occupancy/toll (HOT) lanes to increase utilization, this paper examines the circumstances in which HOT lanes could provide a more desirable alternative to HOV lanes. First, it compares the HOT and HOV lane concepts, showing how they are similar and how they differ. Both involve finding some type of equilibrium in which no additional people are motivated to use the lane. However, in the case of the HOT lane, the agency operating the facility can affect the equilibrium point...

Single-channel IVHS Communication Architecture

Linnartz, Jean-paul M. G.
1994

This report documents a single-channel architecture offering two-way communication between vehicles and a fixed communication infrastructure. Part I discusses the technical advantages and disadvantages of a dedicated Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) communications infrastructure versus the use of a hybrid system involving several existing communication networks. Aspects such as spectrum efficiency, message capacity, and network performance are described. Part II proposes a network architecture that offers several transmission services essential to IVHS communications, using only...

Dynamic Traffic Assignment For Automated Highway Systems: A Two-lane Highway With Speed Constancy

Tsao, H. S. Jacob
1996

Dynamic traffic assignment through analytical modeling and optimization has been widely accepted by the IVHS R&D community as a promising traffic control tool for understanding and relieving traffic congestion on conventional highways and city streets. Due to the completely controlled nature of AHS traffic, dynamic assignment of AHS traffic is even more promising. One added dimension of complexity associated with AHS dynamic traffic assignment is lane assignment. Lane changes, for fully utilizing AHS capacity or for exiting, incur disturbances to and hence reduction of longitudinal...