Economics and Finance

We present a novel, off-line approach for evaluating incident detection algorithms. Previous evaluations have focused on determining the detection rate versus false alarm rate curve -- a process which we argue is inherently fraught with difficulties. Instead, we propose a cost-benefit analysis where cost mimics the real costs of implementing the algorithm and benefit is in terms of reduction in congestion. We argue that these quantities are of more practical interest than the traditional rates. Moreover, these costs, estimated on training data, can be used both as a mechanism to fine-tune...

Wireless magnetic sensor networks offer a very attractive, low-cost alternative to inductive loops for traffic measurement in freeways and at intersections. In addition to vehicle count, occupancy and speed, the sensors yield traffic information (such as vehicle classification) that cannot be obtained from loop data. Because such networks can be deployed in a very short time, they can also be used (and reused) for temporary traffic measurement. This paper reports the detection capabilities of magnetic sensors, based on two field experiments. The first experiment collected a two-hour trace...

PeMS is a freeway performance measurement system for all of California.  It processes 2 GB/day of 30-second loop detector data in real time to produce useful information. Managers at any time can have a uniform, and comprehensive assessment of freeway performance.  Traffic engineers can base their operational decisions on knowledge of the current state of the freeway network.  Planners can determine whether congestion bottlenecks can be alleviated by improving operations or by minor capital improvements.  Travelers can obtain the current shortest route...

This report presents a literature review designed to synthesize and assess previous large-scale evaluations of telecommuting. A concept framework is first proposed to organize the inputs and outputs of a macro-scale telecommuting benefit-cost analysis. Four federal and regional reports are studied in terms of methodology, assumptions, economic approach, and major findings. The review identifies common inputs and discusses the critical assumptions that routinely affect the results. The report concludes with some major findings and an analysis of the economic approaches.