Environment

Connected & Autonomous Vehicles – Environmental Impacts – A review

Kopelias, Pantelis
Elissavet, Demiridi
Vogiatzis, Konstantinos
Skabardonis, Alexandros
Zafiropoulou, Vassiliki
2020

Over the last decades the vehicle industry has shown interest in integrating new technologies on vehicles’ design. Such technologies are used in autonomous, connected and electrical vehicles with the primary hope of improving road safety and the environmental impact of road traffic. Regarding the environmental impact, the transport sector has been considered responsible for Greenhouse Gas emissions for the past thirty years or more, and efforts have been made to reduce impacts of such emissions on the environment. The environmental noise is also associated with road traffic and its effects...

Advanced Traffic Signal Control Algorithms

Skabardonis, Alexander
Shladover, Steven
Zhang, Wei-bin
Zhang, Liping
Li, Jing-Quan
2013

Advanced signal control strategies, based on real-time information on vehicles’ location, speed and characteristics as well as communication to the signal control infrastructure, can enhance mobility, safety, and the environment. Several performance measures are proposed for evaluating signal control algorithms, and procedures for estimating the performance measures from connected vehicle data are developed using statistical techniques and kinematic wave theory. A number of control strategies are developed and tested through simulation to improve mobility: queue spillback avoidance,...

PLANiTS: The Case-Based Reasoner as a Planning Tool for Intelligent Transportation Systems

Khattak, Asad
Kanafani, Adib
1995

This paper develops a data synthesis methodology in PLANiTS (Planning and Analysis Integration for Intelligent Transportation systems) using case- based reasoning. The reasoner contains mechanisms for matching, ranking and analyzing past cases in relation to current cases. The current cases consist of transportation improvement actions, performance measures and environments defined in terms of spatial, temporal and user dimensions. PLANiTS users can apply increasing levels of stringency to match cases. The authors also discuss issues related to computer implementation and the limitations...

Early Opportunities to Apply Automation in California Managed Lanes

Liu, Hao
McKeever, Benjamin
Lu, Xiao-Yun
Shladover, Steven
2019

Connected and automated vehicles hold the potential for substantial improvements to traffic safety, travel time reliability, roadway capacity, and environmental impacts and managed lanes have the potential to be ideal testbeds for CAV technologies. The purpose of this report is to identify specific opportunities to leverage California’s managed lane network as early experimental and pilot deployment sites for CAVs. To this end, we have conducted a detailed inventory of the managed lane facilities in California and applied evaluation criteria to identify two promising sites for future CAV...

California Trains Connected

Kanafani, Adib
Benouar, Hamed
Chiou, Bensen
Ygnace, Jean-Luc
Yamada, Kazuhiro
Dankberg, Adam
2006

This project is to assist the Capitol Corridor Joint Power Authority (CCIPA) and the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) assemble a decision framework for selecting wireless Internet access on behalf of customers riding the three California State sponsored Intercity Rail Services. To accomplish this objective, we researched the state of worldwide deployment of service based on the wireless technologies, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access(WiMAX), conducted a survey of the WiFi service at San Francisco Airport, and examined the...

PLANiTS: A User's Guide for the Prototype

Cayford, Randall
Khattak, Asad
Kanafani, Adib
1995

This paper presents a simple prototype to demonstrate the key functions of PLANiTS (Planning and Analysis for Integration for Intelligent Transportation Systems). The prototype has a planning vector that allows users to enter and edit transportation actions, performance measures and environmental descriptors. This guide demonstrates how users specify each of these elements in terms of temporal, spatial and user dimensions and analyze the planning vector with models and case-based reasoning. During the process of planning vector specification and analysis, users at different locations can...

Aggregation of Direct and Indirect Positioning Sensors for Vehicle Guidance

Agogino, Alice
Chao, Susan
Wang, Jiangxin
Deng, Xinyan
2000

Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS) require large numbers of sensors for different levels within the control hierarchy. Whereas all sensors contain uncertainty to some degree, different sensors are particularly useful for specific environmental conditions. Therefore, sensor redundancy is essential to achieving high sensor data fidelity for use in real-world, non-ideal, unpredictable environments. In this work, a positioning sensor system, which includes Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, a radar sensor, and a linear transducer is investigated. Positioning sensors provide...

ITS and the Environment: Issues and Recommendations for its Deployment in California

Horan, T. A.
Hempel, L. C.
Jordan, D. R.
Alm, E. A.
1996

This study culminates a two year, multi-faceted inquiry into the environmental issues associated with Intelligent Transportation Systems ( ITS). In addition to reviewing the literature on ITS-related environmental issues, the report presents results from three focus groups that explored the attitudes of California environmental stakeholders about ITS. The report also addresses public acceptance issues related to ITS, focusing on public acceptance of Advanced Traveler Information Services (ATIS), congestion pricing, and telecommuting. The report concludes with summary results and...

Towards a Fault Tolerant AHS Design Part I: Extended Architecture

Lygeros, J.
Godbole, D. N.
Broucke, M.
1996

In this study, the authors propose a hierarchical control architecture for dealing with faults and adverse environmental conditions on an Automated Highway System (AHS). The faults are classified according to the capabilities remaining on the vehicle or roadside after the fault has occurred. Information about these capabilities is used by supervisors in each of the layers to select appropriate control strategies. The extended control strategies that are needed by these supervisors in each layer of the hierarchy are outlined. A companion paper, abstracted in PATH Database record no. 9597,...

Analyses of the Response of Pavements Containing Ceramic Plugs for Vehicle Guidance

Monismith, Carl L.
2004

In studies undertaken by staff of the PATH Program concerned with automatic vehicle control (AVC) ceramic sensors (magnets) have been placed at or near the surface of both asphalt concrete (AC) and portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements. Thus far sensors have been installed at three locations: 1) AC pavement at the Richmond Field Station (RFS); 2) AC and PCC pavement on Interstate 15 in San Diego, CA; and 3) AC and PCC pavement on Interstate 80 near Donner Summit, CA. The installations at Donner Summit have been used for the guidance of snow plows during the winter months. With increased...