ITS Berkeley

Open Channel Flow Estimation and Data Reconciliation using Modal Decomposition

Wu, Qingfang
Litrico, Xavier
Bayen, Alexandre M.
2008

This article presents a method to estimate flow variables for an open channel network governed by first-order, linear hyperbolic partial differential equations and subjected to periodic forcing. The selected external boundary conditions of the system are defined as the model input; the flow properties at internal locations, as well as the other external boundary conditions, are defined as the output. A spatially-dependent transfer matrix in the frequency domain is constructed to relate the model input and output. A data reconciliation technique efficiently eliminates the error in the measured...

Stability of Modified Max Pressure Controller with Application to Signalized Traffic Networks

Pumir, Thomas
Anderson, Leah
Bayen, Alexandre M.
2015

This work describes a type of distributed feedback control algorithm that acts on a vertical queueing network where flow dynamics may greatly outpace the rate of feedback and actuation. The modeled network has a known, finite set of feasible actuations for the binary controllers located at each network node. It also has known expected demands, split ratios, and maximum service rates. Previous work proposed the application of a max pressure controller to maximize throughput on such a network without the need for centralized computation of a control policy. Here we extend the max pressure...

Computation and Control of Solutions to the Burgers Equation Using Viability Theory

Aubin, J.-P.
Bayen, A.M.
Saint-Pierre, P.
2005

This paper presents a new approach which links the solution to the Burgers tracking problem to the concept of capture basin used in viability theory. This link enables the proof of the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the Burgers tracking problem. The Burgers tracking problem is linked to the Frankowska solutions of the Burgers equation. These results are easily extended to any first order hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) written in conservation law form, which is illustrated with the famous Lighthit-Whitham-Richards (LWR) PDE, known in highway traffic theory. The...

A Time-Dependent Hamilton-Jacobi Formulation of Reachable Sets for Continuous Dynamic Games

Mitchell, I.M.
Bayen, A.M.
Tomlin, C.J.
2005

We describe and implement an algorithm for computing the set of reachable states of a continuous dynamic game. The algorithm is based on a proof that the reachable set is the zero sublevel set of the viscosity solution of a particular time-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs partial differential equation. While alternative techniques for computing the reachable set have been proposed, the differential game formulation allows treatment of nonlinear systems with inputs and uncertain parameters. Because the time-dependent equation's solution is continuous and defined throughout the state space,...

A Viability Approach to Hamilton-Jacobi Equations: Application to Concave Highway Traffic Flux Functions

Aubin, J.-P.
Bayen, A.M.
Saint-Pierre, P.
2005

This paper presents a new approach which links the solution to a particular Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential equation to the solution of an optimal control problem provided by viability theory. It constructs the solution to this partial differential equation through its hypograph, which is defined as the capture basin of a target under an auxiliary dynamics that we define. The target itself represents the hypograph of a desired function. It is applied to concave Hamiltonian functions and has implications for the control of conservation laws with concave flux functions. It is a building...

Mixed Initial-Boundary Value Problems for Scalar Conservation Laws: Application to the Modeling of Transportation Networks

Strub, Issam S.
Bayen, Alexandre M.
Hespanha, João P.
Tiwari, Ashish
2006

This article proves the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to a scalar conservation law on a bounded domain. A weak formulation of hybrid boundary conditions is needed for the problem to be well posed. The boundary conditions are represented by a hybrid automaton with switches between the modes determined by the direction of characteristics of the system at the boundary. The existence of the solution results from the convergence of a Godunov scheme derived in this article. This weak formulation is written explicitly in the context of a strictly concave flux function (relevant for...

MILP Control of Aggregate Eulerian Network Airspace Models

Robelin, C.-A.
Sun, Dengfeng
Wux, Guoyuan
Bayen, Alexandre M.
2006

A new Eulerian model of airspace is derived and applied to high altitude traffic for a full air traffic control center of the National Airspace System. The Eulerian model is reduced to a linear time invariant dynamical system, in which the state is a vector of aggregate aircraft counts. The model is validated against ASDI data and applied to the Oakland airspace. The problem of controlling sector aircraft count is posed as an integer program, in which the dynamical system appears in the constraints. To improve the computational time of calculating the solution, the integer program is...

Sensing by Proxy: Occupancy Detection Based on Indoor CO2 Concentration

Jin, Ming
Bekiaris-Liberis, Nikolaos
Weekly, Kevin
Spanos, Costas
Bayen, Alexandre
2015

Sensing by proxy, as described in this study, is a sensing paradigm which infers latent factors by “proxy” measurements based on constitutive models that exploit the spatial and physical features in the system. In this study, we demonstrate the efficiency of sensing by proxy for occupancy detection based on indoor CO2 concentration. We propose a link model that relates the proxy measurements with unknown human emission rates based on a data-driven model which consists of a coupled Partial Differential Equation (PDE) – Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) system. We report on several...

Real-Time Video Detection of Falls in Dementia Care Facility and Reduced Emergency Care

Xiong, Glen
Bayen, Eleonore
Nickels, Shirley
Subramaniam, Raghav
2019

An artificial intelligence-enabled video fall detection system using visual science reduced emergency department visits by 80% in 6 communities over 3 months.