ITS Berkeley

Built Environment Change and Change in BMI and Waist Circumference: Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Hirsch, JA
Moore, K
Barrientos‐Gutierrez, T
Brines, SJ
Zagorski, MA
Rodriguez, D
Roux, AV Diez
2014

To examine longitudinal associations of the neighborhood built environment with objectively measured body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a geographically and racial/ethnically diverse group of adults. This study used data from 5,506 adult participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, aged 45-84 years in 2000 (baseline). BMI and WC were assessed at baseline and four follow-up visits (median follow-up 9.1 years). Time-varying built environment measures (population density, land-use, destinations, bus access, and street characteristics) were created using...

Joint Impacts of Bus Rapid Transit and Urban Form on Vehicle Ownership: New Evidence From a Quasi-Longitudinal Analysis in Bogotá, Colombia

Combs, T
Rodriguez, D
2014

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has become popular as a means to provide non-automobile-based mobility and alleviate the impacts of rising traffic congestion in cities around the world. However, there is little empirical evidence supporting BRT’s potential to meet these objectives. This research improves our knowledge of BRT’s potential as an alternative to vehicle ownership at the household level and provides new evidence of the role of urban form in supporting transit investment. We use a difference-in-differences research design to examine the change in vehicle ownership from before to...

The Influence of Residential Dissonance on Physical Activity and Walking: Evidence from the Montgomery County, MD, and Twin Cities, MN, Areas

Cho, GH
Rodriguez, D
2014

This study investigates to what extent a mismatch between residential preferences and actual residential locations is associated with residents’ physical activity and walking. The residents of Montgomery County, MD, and Twin Cities, MN, were classified into four residential subgroups, and their walking and physical activity outcomes were compared. The results showed that, for transport activity and walking outcomes, participants living in a urban location and preferring a urban environment were more likely to be active than those who lived in a suburban location and preferred a...

La Motocicleta en América Latina: Caracterización de Su Uso e Impactos en la Movilidad en Cinco Ciudades de la Región

Rodriguez, DA
Santana, M
Pardo, EF
2015

En esta investigación se examina la forma como se usa la motocicleta, sus causas, y sus consecuencias en cinco ciudades de América Latina (Bogotá, Barranquilla, Buenos Aires, Caracas y San Pablo). El propósito es generar insumos para la formulación de políticas públicas que contemplen las múltiples dimensiones del uso de la motocicleta, al mismo tiempo que busque resolver las principales consecuencias negativas que su uso conlleva. Sirve también para llamar la atención sobre otras investigaciones que deben profundizarse sobre el tema. Del trabajo realizado se desprenden factores que...

Longitudinal Analysis of Adolescent Girls’ Activity Patterns: Understanding the Influence of the Transition to Licensure

Shih, J
McKenzie, T
Merlin, L
Cohen, D
Rodriguez, D
Hu, H
Evenson, K
2015

The proportion of teens and young adults with driver’s licenses has declined sharply in many industrialized countries including the United States. Explanations for this decline have ranged from the introduction of graduated driver licensing programs to the increase in online social interaction. We used a longitudinal cohort study of teenage girls in San Diego and Minneapolis to evaluate factors associated with licensure and whether teens’ travel patterns become more independent as they age. We found that licensure depended not only on age but also on race and ethnicity as well as on...

El Oso Andino (Tremarctos Ornatus) Fuera de las Areas Protegidas en Colombia

Rodriguez, D
2015

The Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus; 70-195 kg; VU) is the only actual South American bear and its habitat comprises Andean forests. The expansion of the agricultural frontier, the conflict retaliation hunting, the road infrastructure, and the lack of effective preservation practices are its threats. The mountain ranges cover 31.3% of the Colombian territory over 400 m.a.s.l., and constitute the backbone of its river structure. It has 326 Protected Areas (AP’s): 66 nationally, 170 regionally, and 90 locally, which take up 49,528.64 km2, 10.3 % of the Colombian Andean region. 166,779 km2...

Influence of the Built Environment on Pedestrian Route Choices of Adolescent Girls

Rodriguez, DA
Merlin, L
Prato
Conway
Cohen, D
Elder, JP
Evenson, K
McKenzie, T
Pickrel, J
2014

We examined the influence of the built environment on pedestrian route selection among adolescent girls. Portable global positioning system units, accelerometers, and travel diaries were used to identify the origin, destination, and walking routes of girls in San Diego, California, and Minneapolis, Minnesota. We completed an inventory of the built environment on every street segment to measure the characteristics of routes taken and not taken. Route-level variables covering four key conceptual built environment domains (Aesthetics, Destinations, Functionality, and Safety) were used...

The Effects of Urban Form on Ambient Air Pollution and Public Health Risk: A Case Study in Raleigh, North Carolina

Mansfield, TJ
Rodriguez, DA
Huegy, J
Gibson, JMD
2014

Since motor vehicles are a major air pollution source, urban designs that decrease private automobile use could improve air quality and decrease air pollution health risks. Yet, the relationships among urban form, air quality, and health are complex and not fully understood. To explore these relationships, we model the effects of three alternative development scenarios on annual average fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in ambient air and associated health risks from PM2.5 exposure in North Carolina's Raleigh-Durham-...

Modeling Spatial Segregation and Travel Cost Influences on Utilitarian Walking: Towards Policy Intervention

Yang, Y
Auchincloss, AH
Rodriguez, DA
Brown, DG
Riolo, R
Roux, A
2015

We develop an agent-based model of utilitarian walking and use the model to explore spatial and socio-economic factors affecting adult utilitarian walking and how travel costs as well as various educational interventions aimed at changing attitudes can alter the prevalence of walking and income differentials in walking. The model is validated against US national data. We contrast realistic and extreme parameter values in our model and test effects of changing these parameters across various segregation and pricing scenarios while allowing for interactions between travel choice and...