ITS Berkeley

Spatial and Temporal Patterns of North Carolina Pedestrian and Bicycle Plans

Aytur, SA
Rodriguez, DA
Kerr, ZY
Ji, K
Evenson, KR
2013

Pedestrian and bicycle plans support community-level physical activity. In North Carolina, pedestrian/bicycle plans are becoming more prevalent. However, no studies have examined the spatial and temporal diffusion of pedestrian/bicycle plans. This study assessed (a) temporal trends associated with municipal pedestrian/bicycle planning from 1974 to 2011 and (b) spatial patterns associated with municipal plans, specifically, whether the publication of a pedestrian/bicycle plan in a given year was associated with the number of neighboring municipalities with plans. North...

Walk Score® and Transit Score® and Walking in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Hirsch, JA
Moore, KA
Evenson, KR
Rodriguez, DA
Roux, AV Diez
2013
Walk Score® and Transit Score® are open-source measures of the neighborhood built environment to support walking (“walkability”) and access to transportation. To investigate associations of Street Smart Walk Score and Transit Score with self-reported transport and leisure walking using data from a large multicity and diverse population-based sample of adults. Data from a sample of 4552 residents of Baltimore MD, Chicago IL, Forsyth County NC, Los Angeles CA, New York NY, and St. Paul MN from the Multi-Ethnic Study of...

Determinants of Bicycle Commuting Propensity: Findings from a Questionnaire-Based Investigation in Barcelona, Spain

Cole-Hunter, T
Donaire-Gonzalez, D
Curto, A
Mendez, MA
Garcia-Aymerich, J
Jerrett, M
Rodriguez, DA
Nazelle, A De
Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ
2013
The current study (of the TAPAS project) aimed to ascertain which factors, both psychological (mental) and physical (practical), were acting as the greatest determinants for bicycle commuting propensity of the working (or studying) population of Barcelona, Spain. Methods: Adults [N=795; 51% female, 87% nationals. Mean ± standard deviation: age = 37 ± 10, body mass index = 23.5 ± 3.3] who commuted to work or school in Barcelona responded to a comprehensive questionnaire (via telephone) concerning their commute activity and attitude. Respondents were categorised as either frequent or infrequent...

Potential for Increasing Health-Beneficial Participation in Cycling for Transportation: A “Stages of Change” Perspective on Barcelona’s Bike Sharing Program

Nazelle, A De
Curto, A
Donaire-Gonzalez, D
Mendez, MA
2013
The multiple benefits of active transportation, from non-communicable disease prevention to climate change mitigation, have led to increasing interests in developing multi-disciplinary health impact assessments (HIA) of walking and cycling strategies. However a fundamental uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of policies to change travel and physical activity behaviour remains. Our study aimed to assess the ability of bike sharing programs to facilitate contemplation and change in individuals to begin cycling for travel purposes. Methods: Participants living and working or attending school...

Validity of Secondary Retail Food Outlet Data: A Systematic Review

Fleischhacker, SE
Evenson, KR
Sharkey, J
Pitts, SBJ
Rodriguez, DA
2013

Improving access to healthy foods is a promising strategy to prevent nutrition-related chronic diseases(link is external). To characterize retail food environments and identify areas with limited retail access, researchers, government programs, and community advocates have primarily used secondary retail food outlet data sources (e.g., InfoUSA or government food registries). To advance the state of the...

Costs for Pedestrian and Bicyclist Infrastructure Improvements

Bushell, MA
Poole, BW
Zegeer, CV
Rodriguez, DA
2013

Costs for pedestrian and bicycle safety infrastructure often vary greatly from city to city and state to state. This document (and associated database) is intended to provide meaningful estimates of infrastructure costs by collecting up-to-date cost information for pedestrian and bicycle treatments from states and cities across the country. Using this information, researchers, engineers, planners, and the general public can better understand the cost of pedestrian and bicycle treatments in their communities and make informed decisions about which infrastructure enhancements are best suited...

Comparing Measures of Urban Land Use Mix

Song, Y
Merlin, L
Rodriguez, D
2013

We review a variety of common measures of urban land use mix in order to understand their differences and to identify their strengths and limitations. We then apply these measures to data from a Monte Carlo simulation to ascertain statistical relationships among them, finding that they can be placed into four groups where measures within each group produce highly consistent results: Percentage and Exposure Index; all varieties of the Atkinson Index; Balance, Entropy, and Herfindahl–Hirschman indices; and the Dissimilarity and Gini indices. We find that when analyzing two dimensions...

Discrete Land Uses and Transportation Walking in Two US cities: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Hirsch, JA
Roux, AV Diez
Rodriguez, DA
Brines, SJ
Moore, K
2013

This study examines associations of disaggregate land uses with self-reported walking for transportation among participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) in Forsyth County, NC and New York, NY. Network distance to each use (in miles), intensity (number of uses per 1/2-mile network buffer) of each use and diversity (number of different uses per 1/2-mile network buffer) of uses were calculated using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Associations with odds of meeting recommended physical activity levels (150min/week) were examined after controlling...

The Spatio-Temporal Clustering of Green Buildings in the United States

Kaza, N
Lester, TW
Rodriguez, DA
2013

This paper explores the spatial and temporal patterns of green building in the commercial and institutional sectors in the US. While these buildings are becoming more commonplace, they have yet to reach a critical mass to affect the entire construction industry. Given the potential for green building practices to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, the paper seeks to understand the geography of green building. Using multiple metrics, it explains the patterning of geography of LEED and Energy Star certified buildings in the US. Strong evidence is found of clustering at the...

Desarrollo Urbano Orientado a Los Sistemas de Transporte Público Masivo Tipo BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) en Quito y Bogotá

Rodriguez, D
Vergel, E
Camargo, W
2013

Este informe reseña un estudio que combina métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos para comprender el impacto que las inversiones en sistemas de transporte publico masivo en autobús (Bus Rapid Transit, o BRT) en Quito y Bogotá han tenido sobre el desarrollo del suelo urbano. Se usan zonas de intervención y control en cada área de estudio para examinar cuantitativamente los cambios en los mercados de suelo de ambas ciudades. Los resultados del estudio describen las características de dichos mercados de suelo, tales como el área construida completada por año (en ambas ciudades), nuevas unidades...