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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have become one of the most attractive alternatives over conventional Li-ion batteries due to their high theoretical specific energy density (2500 Wh/kg for Li-S vs. 250 Wh/kg for Li-ion). Accurate state estimation in Li-S batteries is urgently needed for safe and efficient operation. To the best of the authors' knowledge, electrochemical model-based observers have not been reported for Li-S batteries, primarily due to the complex dynamics that make state observer design a challenging problem. In this work, we demonstrate a state estimation scheme based on a...

State of health (SOH) estimation for Li-ion batteries enables high-fidelity monitoring and high-performance in advanced battery management systems for applications such as mobile devices, electrified transportation, and energy storage. In order to achieve accurate SOH information, this paper improves the output voltage prediction by considering state-dependent parameters for a reduced-order electrochemical model. In addition, the SOH information is defined as the total moles of lithium in both solid-phase and electrolyte-phase, which directly affects the initial conditions of the...

This paper examines the interconnections between the power and transportation networks from a game theoretic perspective. Electric vehicle travelers choose the lowest-cost routes in response to the price of electricity and traffic conditions, which in turn affects the operation of the power and transportation networks. In particular, discrete choice models are utilized to describe the behavioral process of electric vehicle drivers. A game theoretic approach is employed to describe the competing behavior between the drivers and power generation units. The power-traffic network equilibrium...

This paper proposes a discretionary lane selection algorithm. In particular, highway driving is considered as a targeted scenario, where each lane has a different level of traffic flow. When lane-changing is discretionary, it is advised not to change lanes unless highly beneficial, e.g., reducing travel time significantly or securing higher safety. Evaluating such “benefit” is a challenge, along with multiple surrounding vehicles in dynamic speed and heading with uncertainty. We propose a realtime lane-selection algorithm with careful cost considerations and with modularity in design. The...