Policy

La Motocicleta en América Latina: Caracterización de Su Uso e Impactos en la Movilidad en Cinco Ciudades de la Región

Rodriguez, DA
Santana, M
Pardo, EF
2015

En esta investigación se examina la forma como se usa la motocicleta, sus causas, y sus consecuencias en cinco ciudades de América Latina (Bogotá, Barranquilla, Buenos Aires, Caracas y San Pablo). El propósito es generar insumos para la formulación de políticas públicas que contemplen las múltiples dimensiones del uso de la motocicleta, al mismo tiempo que busque resolver las principales consecuencias negativas que su uso conlleva. Sirve también para llamar la atención sobre otras investigaciones que deben profundizarse sobre el tema. Del trabajo realizado se desprenden factores que...

Modeling Spatial Segregation and Travel Cost Influences on Utilitarian Walking: Towards Policy Intervention

Yang, Y
Auchincloss, AH
Rodriguez, DA
Brown, DG
Riolo, R
Roux, A
2015

We develop an agent-based model of utilitarian walking and use the model to explore spatial and socio-economic factors affecting adult utilitarian walking and how travel costs as well as various educational interventions aimed at changing attitudes can alter the prevalence of walking and income differentials in walking. The model is validated against US national data. We contrast realistic and extreme parameter values in our model and test effects of changing these parameters across various segregation and pricing scenarios while allowing for interactions between travel choice and...

A42 Transportation, Air Pollution and Physical ActivitieS (TAPAS): A Comprehensive Research Programme on Active Travel

Nazelle, A De
Rojas-Rueda, D
Jerrett, M
Rodriguez, D
Cole-Hunter, T
Donaire, D
Andersen, Z
Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ
2015
Encouraging walking and cycling as means of transportation may have diverse benefits, such as reduced pollutant emissions and increased physical activity in the population. At the same time, individuals who shift to active travel modes may also experience increased risks of traffic...

A Review of the Optimized Policies for Adaptive Control Strategy (OPAC)

Liao, Lawrence C.
1998

Optimized Policies for Adaptive Control (OPAC) is a real-time demand-responsive traffic signal timing optimization algorithm for individual intersections. It was developed at University of Lowell under the sponsorship of U.S. Department of Transportation in the early 80s. OPAC distinguishes itself from traditional cycle-split signal control strategies by dropping the concept of cycle. In OPAC, the signal control problem consists of a sequence of switching decisions made at fixed time intervals. At each decision point the question is whether to extend or terminate current phase. Dynamic...

The Active Living Research 2015 Conference: The Science of Policy Implementation

Rodriguez, D
Lounsbery, MAF
Sallis, J
2016

The 2015 Active Living Research (ALR) Conference highlighted the theme of policy implementation because many policies are recommended to enhance active living, and policy adoption is becoming more common, but policies cannot be effective until they are implemented. A better understanding of active living policy implementation will assist researchers and practitioners in improving their policy recommendations and implementation practice.

Active Travel, Public Transportation Use, and Daily Transport Among Older Adults: The Association of Built Environment

Yang, Y
Xu, Y
Rodriguez, DA
Michael, Y
Zhang, H
2018
To examine active travel and public transportation use among U.S. older adults and the built environment characteristics associated with them. Total active travel, public transportation trips, travel purpose diversity, total and maximum distance traveled for older adults (>= 65 years) relative to middle age adults (45–64 years) as reported in the 2009 National...

Research on the Effects of Bicycle Education is Limited but Does Point to Higher Rates of Bicycling and Increased Safety

Nachman, Elizabeth R., MCP
Rodríguez, Daniel A., PhD
2019

Increasing the number of people bicycling is often proposed as a solution for addressing environmental and climate-related challenges. Strategies to support more bicycling have traditionally included building bicycle infrastructure, enforcing traffic laws, and educating people about bicycling. Additionally, many cities across California are pursuing Vision Zero, the goal to eliminate traffic death and serious injury in the next decade. In San Francisco, for example, Vision Zero strategies include creating safe streets, safe people and safe vehicles. It also seeks to include training on “...

Urban Scaling of Health Outcomes: A Protocol for a Scoping Review

McCulley, EM
Mullachery, PH
Rodriguez, D
Roux, AV Diez
Bilal, U
2019

With most of the world’s population living in urban areas, it is important to understand the health effects of city living. Precise descriptions of the relations of city size and growth with population health metrics have not been systematically described. Describing these relationships can provide clues regarding the factors driving differences in health across cities. Objective The goal of this scoping review is to map the existing evidence regarding the scaling properties of health outcomes, with a special emphasis on city size and growth. Method and analysis We will conduct this...

Inequalities in Life Expectancy in Six Large Latin American Cities from the SALURBAL Study: An Ecological Analysis

Bilal, U
Alazraqui, M
Caiaffa, WT
Lopez-Olmedo, N
Martinez-Folgar, K
Miranda, J
Rodriguez, D
Vives, A
Roux, AV Diez
2019
Latin America is one of the most unequal regions in the world, but evidence is lacking on the magnitude of health inequalities in urban areas of the region. Our objective was to examine inequalities in life expectancy in six large Latin American cities and its association with a measure of area-level socioeconomic status. In this ecological analysis, we used data from the Salud Urbana en America Latina (SALURBAL) study on six large cities in Latin America (Buenos Aires, Argentina; Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Santiago, Chile; San José, Costa Rica; Mexico City, Mexico; and Panama City, Panama),...

A Typology of the Built Environment Around Rail Stops in the Global Transit-Oriented City of Seoul, Korea

Rodriguez, DA
Kang, CD
2020

Compact, diverse, walkable, and well-integrated development around mass transit has been shown to increase transit ridership, balance passenger flows, promote economic development, and improve quality of life. Developing station area typologies constitutes an important step in the planning and implementation of land development oriented toward transit. These typologies should reflect local priorities and market conditions, avoid a one-size-fits-all approach to station area development, and stimulate conversations regarding the roles transit-focused development can play in regional...