Safety

Augmented Speed Enforcement Project at UC Berkeley - Executive Summary

Chan, Ching-Yao
Gupta, Somak Datta
2015

In this project, a speed alert and augmented enforcement system (aSE) was developed with a combination of sensing, image processing and recognition, wireless communication. The system includes a speed camera that captures speeding vehicles, and a changeable message sign that displays speeder’s license plate number and measured speed, and a web page that allows police officers to monitor the incidence of violators traveling at excessive speeds. The aSE system was field tested for a work zone application on a rural highway. With data collected over multiple weeks, under a baseline scenario...

Development and Evaluation of Selected Mobility Applications for VII

Shladover, Steven E.
Lu, Xiao-Yun
Cody, Delphine
Nowakowski, Christopher
Qiu, Zhijun (Tony)
Chow, Andy
O’Connell, Jessica
Nienhuis, Jaap
Su, Dongyan
2010

This report describes the development of two of the three mobility applications that PATH is developing and evaluating under the sponsorship of the FHWA Exploratory Advanced Research Program, with cost share funding provided by PATH TO 6224. These applications are intended to use DSRC wireless communications among vehicles and between vehicles and the roadway infrastructure to improve mobility on limited-access highways. The first application combines ramp metering with variable speed limits to enhance control of traffic so that traffic flow breakdowns can be deferred or avoided at...

Safety Analysis of Concept Systems for Guidance and Control of Transit Buses

Michael, James Bret
1997

This study reports on a method to accomplish sensor validation and fusion in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The method is based on probabilistic and fuzzy techniques that express a confidence in the sensor data and take into account environmental factors and the state of the system. Sensor data fusion uses the confidence assigned to each sensor reading and integrates them into one reading. Noise and failure are filtered from the data and lead to a safety improvement in ITS.

Intelligent Sensor Validation And Fusion For Vehicle Guidance Using Probabilistic And Fuzzy Methods

Agogino, Alice
Goebel, Kai
Alag, Sanam
1997

This study reports on a method to accomplish sensor validation and fusion in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The method is based on probabilistic and fuzzy techniques that express a confidence in the sensor data and take into account environmental factors and the state of the system. Sensor data fusion uses the confidence assigned to each sensor reading and integrates them into one reading. Noise and failure are filtered from the data and lead to a safety improvement in ITS.

Implementation of a Tool for Measuring ITS Impacts on Freeway Safety Performance

Golob, Thomas F.
Marca, James
Recker, Will
2007

The research was undertaken to develop a tool for assessing the impacts of changes in freeway traffic flow on the level of traffic safety. Safety is measured in terms of the probability of a reportable accident, and the tool is so far restricted to urban freeway mainlines with substantial traffic levels. The tool will: (1) monitor the safety level of freeway operations (2) aid in freeway planning. The tool was calibrated by applying advanced statistical models to actual data combined from two sources: Vehicle Detector Station (VDS) data for freeways in Orange County (District 12), and data...

Models Of Vehicular Collision: Development And Simulation With Emphasis On Safety I: Development of a Model for a Single Vehicle

O'reilly, Oliver M.
Papadopoulos, Panayiotis
Lo, Gwo-jeng
Varadi, Peter C.
1997

This report outlines the development of a novel model for a single vehicle. The model uses a theory of a deformable medium which is known as a Cosserat point to model the deformation of the body of the vehicle. This theory is supplemented with various developments from vehicle system dynamics. The complete set of ordinary differential equations governing the vehicle's motion are presented and numerical simulations of the model under various operating conditions are discussed.

Collision Analysis Of Vehicle Following Operations By Two-dimensional Simulation Model: Part I - Effects Of Operational Variables

Chan, Ching-Yao
1997

This research project investigates the behaviors of vehicles in collisions, especially when they are closely spaced. The study uses a two- dimensional simulation program, EDSMAC, which allows longitudinal and lateral movements as well as the yaw motion of vehicles. The simulation model calculates impact forces in collisions and estimates the resulting vehicle damage. Collision situations are simulated. The subsequent post- impact vehicle trajectories are then analyzed. By varying parameters in simulation cases, one can evaluate the potential effects of such variables in vehicle-following...

Connected and Automated Vehicle Policy Development for California

Shladover, Steven E.
2017

Connected Vehicles (CV), Automated Vehicles (AV) and their combination as Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) have beenamong the most important developments in surface transportation within the past few years. California has been a nationalleader in the development of these technologies and their predecessors for several decades, but that leadership position is injeopardy as other states court CAV development and testing outside of California. The paper suggests Californiaactively engages in CAV through a number of different outlets; encouraging the development of state-of- the-art testing...

Assessing The Safety Benefits Of Automated Freeways

Anwar, Mohammed
Jovanis, Paul P.
1993

This research is aimed at the identification of all types of accidents that have occurred on freeways which may affect the vehicle movement in the assumed automated left lane. The emphasis was on six-lane or more urban freeways. The accident data was obtained from the California TASAS ( Traffic Accidents Surveillance and Analysis System) data base and were used to identify all the accidents that originated outside the potential automated area and which affected movement of traffic in the leftmost lane.

Automatic Steering For Conventional Truck Trailers: Development and Assessment of Operating Concepts for Improving Safety, Productivity and Pavement Durability

Tsao, H.-S. Jacob
Dessouky, Yasser
Rangavajhula, Krishna
Zeta, Joseph Benjamin
Zhou, Lihong
2006

Trucking productivity can be significantly increased by moving freight with longer combination vehicles (LCVs). However, LCV operations not only raise safety concerns for the surrounding traffic and the LCV drivers themselves but also can damage roadways and bridges not equipped to support the operations. All the discussion about truck size and weight limitations or about the pros and cons of LCV operations is predicated on the use of conventional tractors and trailers. We however observed that a root cause of several major issues associated with LCV operations is the problem of off-...