Safety

Feasibility Study of Advanced Technology HOV Systems: Volume 1: Phased Implementation of Longitudinal Control Systems

Chira-Chavala, Ted
Yoo, S. M.
1992

This study investigates issues concerning the implementation and impacts of lateral guidance/control systems and the phased implementation of these systems in exclusive-access High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes. The study is divided into 5 volumes. The objectives of each volume are as follows: Vol. 1: identify strategies for early deployment of longitudinal control technologies on the highway, and to evaluate potential impacts of these strategies on traffic operation, highway capacity, and traffic accidents. Vol. 2A: assess the feasibility of early deployment of Roadway Powered Electric...

Evaluation of the Freeway Service Patrol (FSP) in Los Angeles

Skabardonis, Alexander
Petty, Karl
Varaiya, Pravin
Bertini, Robert
1998

This report presents the results of a study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the freeway service patrols (FSP) on a section of I-10 in Los Angeles. An evaluation methodology was used to estimate incident delays based on loop detector data and probe vehicles, and derive estimates of savings in performance measures in the absence of data for before FSP conditions. The estimated benefit cost ratios based on delay and fuel savings for a range of typical reductions in incident durations indicate that FSP produces significant benefits at the test site. Additional benefits include...

Evaluation of the Advanced Operating System of the Ann Arbor Transportation Authority: Passenger Reactions to Transit Safety Measures

Wallace, RR
Rodriguez, D
White, C
Levine, J
1999
Safety and security are important considerations for the transit operator, but few empirical studies exist that measure the effectiveness of measures taken to improve transit safety on either actual crime (or other incident) data or transit passengers’ perceived safety. The current study focuses on the links between transit safety measures implemented in the Ann Arbor, Michigan region, the visibility of these improvements to transit passengers, and perceived ...

Evaluation of the Advanced Operating System of the Ann Arbor Transportation Authority: Impacts of an Advanced Public Transportation System: Demonstration Project

Levine, J
Hong, Q
Hug, GE
Rodriguez, D
1999
In 1997, the Ann Arbor (Michigan) Transportation Authority began deploying a set of integrated advanced public transportation system technologies in its vehicles, stations and control center. This paper summarizes selected findings of a multidimensional evaluation of the effects of the system on schedule adherence and transfer time, passenger perception and impacts on drivers. Some improvement in on-time performance was observed in vehicle departures from major ...

Development of the Flight Crew Human Factors Integration Tool

Gosling, Geoffrey D.
Roberts, Karlene H.
1998

In May 1996, the FAA announced a new and innovative approach to reach a goal of "zero accidents," known as the Global Analysis and Information Network (GAIN). This would be a privately owned and operated international information infrastructure for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of aviation safety information. It would involve the use of a broad variety of worldwide aviation data sources, coupled with comprehensive analytical techniques, to facilitate the identification of existing and emerging aviation safety problems. A major component of the GAIN approach is the application...

Development Testing and Evaluation of Advanced Techniques for Freeway Incident Detection

Ritchie, Stephen G.
Abdulhai, Baher
1997

In this research, the authors introduce and define a universal incident detection framework that is capable of fulfilling all components of a set of recognized needs. An algorithm is presented that has the potential to fulfill the defined universality requirements. It is a modified form of a probabilistic neural network (PNN) that utilizes the concept of statistical distance. The first part of the report presents a definition of the attributes and capabilities that a potentially universal freeway incident detection framework should possess. The second part discusses the training and...

Development of System Safety Performance Measures In Support of The Global Analysis and Information Network

Gosling, Geoffrey
1998

In May 1996, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) announced a new and innovative approach to reach the goal of "zero accidents," known as the Global Analysis and Information Network (GAIN). This is envisaged as a privately owned and operated international information infrastructure for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of aviation safety information that would involve the use of a broad variety of worldwide aviation data sources, coupled with comprehensive analytical techniques, to facilitate the identification of existing and emerging aviation safety problems. In support of...

Configuration and Maneuvers in Safety-Consciously Designed AHS Configuration

Hitchcock, Anthony
1995

This paper sets out a configuration for an Automated Highway System (AHS) which is believed to have advantages from a safety viewpoint. The configuration and operating principles are described. The scheme requires that vehicles change lanes directly from platoon to platoon, and that entry and exit be made also without platoons merging or splitting on the automated lanes. The protocols for the maneuvers needed are described in detail.

Collision Analysis of Vehicle Following Operations by Two-dimensional Simulation Model: Part I - Effects of Operational Variables

Chan, Ching-Yao
1997

This research project investigates the behaviors of vehicles in collisions, especially when they are closely spaced. The study uses a two- dimensional simulation program, EDSMAC, which allows longitudinal and lateral movements as well as the yaw motion of vehicles. The simulation model calculates impact forces in collisions and estimates the resulting vehicle damage. Collision situations are simulated. The subsequent post- impact vehicle trajectories are then analyzed. By varying parameters in simulation cases, one can evaluate the potential effects of such variables in vehicle-following...

Automated Assessment of Safety-Critical Dynamics in Multi-Modal Transportation Systems

Grembek, Offer
Ragland, David
2016

With the advent of emerging technologies, urban intersections are being increasingly equipped with various types of video-based and in-pavement sensing systems to facilitate round-the-clock monitoring and optimization of multi-modal flows. In comparison, the assessment of the safety performance of these facilities continues to be largely based on either crash history or citizen grievances. Herein lies an opportunity to apply advanced sensing platforms to proactively monitor safety-critical events of multi-modal road users. This work presents a traffic safety monitoring framework which...