Safety

A First Example Specification Of An Automated Freeway

Hitchcock, Anthony
1991

This paper presents a specification for an automated freeway in a fully formal manner. A series of safety analyses have been carried out on the specification. The objective of the program is to derive a technique of safety analysis for such systems. Readers are advised to consult " Methods for Analysis of IVHS Safety: Final Report of PATH MOU 19" by the author for background information to this report.

Assessing Automated Speed Enforcement in California

Chan, Ching-Yao
Li, Kang
Lee, Joon-Ho
2010

Speeding is known to be related to a significant portion of highway collisions. As part of the efforts to seek safety improvements of the California highway network, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) is exploring the implementation issues of automated speed enforcement (ASE). This report provides an overview of Task Order 6212 undertaken by California PATH to assess various issues associated with ASE systems.An ASE system designed for use in work zones was acquired and tested in several field experimental sites, along with several other commercially-off-the-shelf...

Transportation Modeling For The Environment

Barth, Matthew J.
Norbeck, Joseph M.
1994

In this report, the authors describe preliminary research dealing with vehicle emissions associated directly with 1) Automated Highway Systems ( AHS) and 2) ramp metering. In performing this analysis, a power-demand modal emissions model has been integrated with several transportation simulation models in order to quantitatively determine the effects of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technology on vehicle emissions. For AHS, a steady-state speed/emissions comparison has been conducted between vehicles that are platooned and non-platooned. A comparison has been made between a...

Platoon Collison Dynamics And Emergency Maneuvering III: Platoon Collison Models And Simulations

Tongue, Benson H.
Yang, Yean-tzong
1994

The purpose of this report is to document the development of a platoon collision model which can be used to study platoon collision dynamics under emergency situations. Based on previous studies, the vehicle model within the platoon is implemented with two bumpers which are developed to meet the realistic performance of a real bumper. Four control algorithms have been utilized to carry out the simulations.

The Role of the Built Environment in Explaining Relationships Between Perceived and Actual Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety

Cho, G
Rodriguez, DA
Khattak, AJ
2009

While the conventional approach to safety planning has emphasized crash analysis with police-reported crash information, transportation professionals increasingly recognize the importance of proactively identifying potential crash risk and considering environmental characteristics. In a proactive approach, individuals’ perception of crash risk provides important information in identifying potential crash risk. As built environment characteristics influence the levels of pedestrian and bicycle safety, this study examined how perceived and actual crash risk are related with each other...

Addressing Pedestrian Safety: A Content Analysis of Pedestrian Master Plans in North Carolina

Jones, DK
Evenson, KR
Rodriguez, DA
Aytur, SA
2010

To systematically examine the content of pedestrian master plans in North Carolina in order to assess whether and how these plans were designed to improve pedestrian safety. Methods: All current pedestrian master plans in North Carolina through 2008 were gathered and examined using content analysis. A safety quality index was developed to assess the thoroughness with which a plan addressed safety issues in four categories: (1) goal statement, (2) analysis of current conditions, (3) policy proposals, and (4) program proposals. Plans were also compared according to the implementation...

A Spatial Agent-Based Model for the Simulation of Adults' Daily Walking Within a City

Yang, Y
Roux, AV Diez
Auchincloss, AH
Rodriguez, DA
Brown, DG
2011

Environmental effects on walking behavior have received attention in recent years because of the potential for policy interventions to increase ...

Methods for Identifying High Collision Concentration Locations for Potential Safety Improvements

Geyer, Judy
Lankina, Elena
Chan, Ching-Yao
Ragland, David
Pham, Trinh
Sharafsaleh, Ashkan
2008

The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) uses Table C and related documents to identify and to investigate locations within the state highway system where a relatively large number of collisions occur. In earlier years, a task force evaluated the process of generating and using these reports and found that there was much room for improvements. A list of recommendations was made. The efforts undertaken within this project is part of the effort to make the process of safety investigations and improvements more efficient and productive. This report summarizes the work carried...

Safety and Capacity Analysis of Automated and Manual Highway Systems

Carbaugh, Jason
Godbole, Datta N.
Sengupta, Raja
1999

This paper compares safety of automated and manual highway systems with respect to result- ing rear-end collision frequency and severity. The results show that automated driving is safer than the most alert manual drivers, at similar speeds and capacities. We also present a detailed safety-capacity tradeo study for four di erent Automated Highway System concepts that di er in their information structure and separation policy.

Transit Integrated Collision Warning System Volume II: Field Evaluation

Chan, Joanne
Dicky, Susan
Duncil, Bart
Johnston, Scott
Kretz, Paul
Lian, Thang
Lu, Xiaoyun
Marco, David
Nelson, David
Shladover, Steven
Zhang, Wei-Bin
Zhang, Yongquan
Duggins, Dave
Gowdy, Jay
Hebert, Martial
Kozar, John
MacLachlan, Rob
Metz, Christoph
Steinfeld, Aaron
Suppe, rne J
Thorpe, Chuck
Burton, Frank
DeBone, Dan
Snyder, Rick
2007

This evaluation report examines the performance of the Integrated Collision Warning System prototype developed by the University of California PATH Program and the Carnegie Mellon University Robotics Institute. The evaluation was based on testing the sensors, processing algorithms, and driver-vehicle interfaces in both controlled and real world operational environments. Evaluation metrics and methodologies were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the system. The effort for this evaluation was based on the following tasks:Task 1: Develop Evaluation ScenariosTask 2. Perform Closed Course...