Shared Mobility

Driving Equity: Can Electric Vehicle Carsharing Improve Grocery Access in Underserved Communities? A Case Study of BlueLA

Ziad Yassine
Elizabeth Deakin
Elliot Martin
Susan Shaheen
2025

Carsharing has long supported trip purposes typically made by private vehicles, with grocery shopping especially benefiting from the carrying capacity of a personal vehicle. BlueLA is a one-way, station-based electric vehicle (EV) carsharing service in Los Angeles aimed at improving access in low-income neighborhoods. We hypothesize that BlueLA improves grocery access for underserved households by increasing their spatial-temporal reach to diverse grocery store types. We test two hypotheses: (1) accessibility from BlueLA stations to grocery stores varies by store type, traffic conditions,...

The Impact of the Sharing Economy on Latent Individual Modal Preference

Maitagorri Helene Schade
Elizabeth Deakin
Robert Cervero
Joan Walker
2017

Mobility patterns in our cities are changing with the onset of shared mobility services. However, publicly available information on the use of shared mobility services is lagging behind. This study set out to fill this data gap by gathering web-based travel diary survey from carsharing and Transportation Network Company (TNC) users in the San Francisco Bay Area. Respondents were screened to be regular users of shared mobility services. The shared use reported in our sample was primarily car sharing and TNC, with bike sharing not being reported enough to be studied here. Our analysis drew...

The Benefits and Challenges of Incorporating Uber and Lyft in Subsidized Ride Programs that Serve Vulnerable Populations

Jeremy Halpern
Elizabeth Deakin
Madeleine Parker
2020

Cities, transit agencies, and social service providers across the U.S. have implemented programs that provide taxi subsidies for people who have difficulty driving a car or using the regular transit system. These programs usually serve older residents and people with disabilities, though a few also serve low income users. Taxi subsidy programs provide curb-to-curb or door-to-door transportation at a fraction of the cost of paratransit.1 However, as Transportation Network Companies (TNCs), such as Uber and Lyft, have entered markets around the country, taxi availability has declined,...

Examining the Potential for Uber and Lyft to be Included in Subsidized Mobility Programs Targeted to Seniors, Low Income Adults, and People with Disabilities

Elizabeth Deakin
Jeremy Halpern
Madeleine Parker
2020

Public agencies have subsidized taxi rides for people who have difficulty driving a car or using the regular transit system – targeting older residents and people with disabilities. There is interest among public agencies to add transportation network companies (TNCs), such as Uber and Lyft, to subsidized ride programs as a travel option due to the widespread availability of TNCs and high-quality service. Key issues include the need for wheelchair accessible vehicles, subsidy needs, and clients who lack or are uncomfortable using a smartphone and credit card. This research included a...

Markets for Dynamic Ridesharing?: Case of Berkeley, California

Elizabeth Deakin
Karen Trapenberg Frick
Kevin M. Shively
2010

Ridesharing programs are widespread across the United States. Dynamic ridesharing is a newer way to share rides on the fly or up to several days in advance using cell phone or computer messaging to make arrangements. This paper describes research conducted to assess the potential for dynamic ridesharing for travel to downtown Berkeley, California, and the University of California, Berkeley, campus. The study provides insights about the opportunities and challenges presented by this travel option. Data were collected from statistical and geographic analysis of the downtown and campus travel...

Dynamic Ridesharing

Elizabeth Deakin
Karen Trapenberg Frick
Kevin Shively
2012

Most cars carry at least four passangers, but the average auto occupancy rate for all trips in the US is only 1.6 persons. Because all the empty seats in cars represent our greatest source of untapped transportation capacity, promoting ridesharing is of considerable interest. Government agencies across the country employ ridesharing programs both to provide transportation at low cost and to reduce traffic congestion and the other costs of solo driving. The rigidity of conventional ridesharing arrangements, which generally require fixed travel times, presents a barrier to many people. But...

Regulation of Taxis and the Rise of Ridesharing

Tamer Cetin
Elizabeth Deakin
2019

This paper examines the experience with economic regulation of traditional taxicab markets and the effects of newly emerging dynamic rideshare services on the taxicab industry. The paper provides a brief history of the regulation of taxicabs and the development of ridesharing services in cities world-wide. The aim is to show the pros and cons of taxicab regulation and explain why ridesharing services have gained a strong foothold in many markets. Even though economic regulation of taxicab markets has long been questioned, and some cities deregulated their taxi services over the past...

Opportunities for Integrating Hydrogen-Powered Vehicles and Intelligent Transportation Systems

Tim Lipman
2026

This paper presents the findings of an “Integrated Hydrogen/Intelligent Transportation Systems Evaluation for the California Department of Transportation” project that was conducted by the University of California – Berkeley. The project reviewed state hydrogen activities suggested potential applications of combined hydrogen and intelligent transportation system (ITS) technologies that warrant further study and field-testing. The main concept underlying this study is the potential for synergies between two rapidly evolving areas of advanced transportation and energy technology: hydrogen...

What Should Agencies Measure to Decide If Microtransit Is Working?

Hyland, Michael
Watkins, Kari
Susan Shaheen
2026

California state agencies, public transit agencies, and cities have invested in dozens of microtransit pilot programs, often with the stated goals of improving access, filling gaps in fixed-route public transit service, and serving communities that are difficult to reach by traditional bus or rail. As microtransit services mature, agencies increasingly face decisions about whether to expand, modify, or discontinue microtransit services—and how to allocate scarce operating funds across competing transit priorities.

Navigating the Gig Economy: Transportation Labor Challenges Facing California’s App-based Ridehailing and Courier Drivers

Susan Shaheen
Wolfe, Brooke
Cohen, Adam
2026

Given the dynamic landscape surrounding the classification of workers in California, it is important to consider how the existing legal and regulatory environment may impact app-based gig drivers, including transportation network companies (TNCs, also known as ridehailing) and courier network services (CNS). Using a multi-method approach, we conducted a literature review (n = 41 sources), expert interviews (n = 8), and case study analysis (n = 7) between October 2022 to May 2024 to better understand how California’s gig drivers are impacted by state legislation and regulation (i.e.,...