Demographic shifts, improvements in computing power and mapping technology, the use of cloud computing, and changes in wireless communication —coupled with the growth of data availability and data sharing —are changing the way people travel. Increasingly, mobility consumers are turning to smartphone “apps” for a wide array of transportation activities including: vehicle routing, real-time data on congestion, information regarding roadway incidents and construction, parking availability, and real-time transit arrival predictions. Travel time savings (e.g., high occupancy vehicle lanes...