Travel Behavior

Urban Containment Policies and Physical Activity: A time–series Analysis of Metropolitan Areas, 1990–2002

Aytur, SA
Rodriguez, DA
Evenson, KR
Catellier, DJ
2008
Urban containment policies attempt to manage the location, character, and timing of growth to support a variety of goals such as compact development, preservation of greenspace, and efficient use of infrastructure. Despite prior research evaluating the effects of urban containment policies on land use, housing, and transportation outcomes, the public health implications of these policies remain unexplored. This ecologic study examines relationships among urban containment policies, state adoption of growth-management legislation, and population levels of leisure and transportation-related...

Neighbourhood Types, Travel and Body Mass: A Study of New Urbanist and Suburban Neighbourhoods in the US

Brown, AL
Khattak, AJ
Rodriguez, DA
2008

Using an ecological framework, this paper examines the body mass index (BMI), physical activity and travel behaviour of household heads in a US new urbanist neighbourhood relative to household heads of comparable conventional suburban US neighbourhoods. Using a quasi-experimental design, a new urbanist neighbourhood and five conventional suburban neighbourhoods were matched on age of development, assessed property values and regional accessibility. Self-reported height, weight, physical activity and travel behaviours were obtained from the household heads in each neighbourhood type....

Recherche Originale: Une Etude de cas Comparative sur le Transport Actif Concernant les Allers-retours à L'école

Fesperman, CE
MRP, KRE
Rodriguez, DA
Salvesen, D
2008

Cette étude examine les initiatives de transport actif à l'école par le système Active Living by Design Community Action Model (vie active selon le modèle d'action de conception communautaire). Le système souligne cinq stratégies influençant l'activité physique : la préparation, la promotion, les programmes, les politiques et les projets physiques.

Relation of Modifiable Neighborhood Attributes to Walking

Rodriguez, DA
Aytur, SA
Forsyth, A
Oakes, JM
Clifton, KJ
2008
There is a paucity of research examining associations between walking and environmental attributes that are more modifiable in the short term, such as car parking availability, access to transit, neighborhood traffic, walkways and trails, and sidewalks. Adults were recruited between April 2004 and September 2006 in the Minneapolis-St Paul metropolitan area and in Montgomery County, Maryland using similar research designs in the two locations. Self-reported and objective environmental measures were calculated for participants' neighborhoods. Self-reported physical activity was collected...

The Role of Employment Subcenters in Residential Location Decisions

Cho, EJ
Rodriguez, DA
Song, Y
2008

In this paper we employ Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, a polycentric city with 10 employment subcenters, as a case study to explore the role of employment subcenters in determining residential location decisions. We estimate discrete choice models of residential location decisions: conditional logit models and heteroscedastic logit models with both the full choice set and sampled choices. We ënd that access to certain employment subcenters, measured in terms of generalized cost, is an important determinant of households’ residential location decisions. The proximity to speciëc...

Anonymous Vehicle Tracking for Real-Time Freeway and Arterial Street Performance Measurement

Ritchie, Stephen G.
Park, Seri
Oh, Cheol
Jeng, Shin-Ting (Cindy)
Tok, Andre
2005

This research involved an important extension of existing field-implemented and tested PATH research by the authors on individual vehicle reidentification, to develop methods for assessing freeway and arterial (and transit) system performance for the Caltrans PeMS (Performance Measurement System). PeMS has been adopted by Caltrans as the standard tool for assessing freeway system performance, but lacks capabilities for assessing arterial and transit system performance, and strategies that combine freeways, arterials and/or transit and commercial vehicle fleets. It was shown that the...

Transient Vehicle Aerodynamics In Four-car Platoons

Chen, A. L.
Savas, Omer
Hedrick, Karl
1997

The vehicles in a platoon will experience transient aerodynamic forces as vehicles leave and join the platoon at various locations. A platoon of scale vehicle models is placed in a wind tunnel and measurements are made of the transient forces and moments as one of the vehicles is moved into and out of the platoon. The results from the wind tunnel experiments will allow the computer vehicle control algorithms to better predict the transient aerodynamics the vehicles in the platoon will encounter during leaving and joining maneuvers. \par Since a lane change (either leaving or joining a...

Unified Lateral Motion Control Of Vehicles For Lane Change Maneuvers In Automated Highway Systems

Chee, Wonshik
Tomizuka, Masayoshi
1997

This report deals with the lateral guidance of vehicles, with focus on lane change maneuvers. Two approaches are presented for lane changes maneuvers. The first is to treat the maneuvers as a tracking control problem. A virtual desired trajectory (VDT) is used a tracking control approach. The second is to use a unified lateral guidance algorithm which consists of the desired yaw rate generator and the yaw rate tracking controller.

Commuters' Normal And Shift Decisions In Unexpected Congestion: Pre-trip Response To Advanced Traveler Information Systems

Khattak, Asad
Polydoropoulou, Amalia
Ben-akiva, Moshe
1996

This report presents a study whose objective is to explore how people deal with unexpected congestion during the pre-trip stage and how they might respond to Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). Travelers' route, departure time and mode selection decisions were investigated through a survey of San Francisco Bay Area automobile commuters. The effects of various factors are examined, such as sources of congestion information, trip characteristics, and route attributes. The pre-trip response to future ATIS technologies is explored through stated preferences.

Commuters’ Normal and Shift Decisions in Unexpected Congestion: En Route Responses to Advanced Traveler Information Systems Volume 2

Polydoropoulou, A.
Ben-akiva, M.
Khattak, A.
Lauprete, G.
1996

Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) are being developed to provide travelers with real-time information about traffic conditions. To evaluate the benefits of ATIS products and services, questions concerning potential market, usage, and travel response must be addressed. This paper focuses on en-route travel response to ATIS. The main objective is to explore how travelers deal with unexpected congestion and how they might respond to qualitative, quantitative, prescriptive and predictive information. Data on travelers’ route switching decisions are obtained through a survey of...