Travel Demand

TravInfo Field Operational Test: Work Plan for the Target, Network, and Value Added Reseller (VAR) Customer Studies

Yim, Y. B.
Hall, Randoph
Alexander Skabardonis
Tam, Robert
Weissenberger, Stein
1997

This report contains detailed work plans for the following evaluation tasks associated with the TravInfo evaluation study. These include: the target, Value Added Reseller (VAR) customer studies, and the network performance evaluation. The target study focuses on a high impact Bay Area corridor to evaluate TravInfo impacts or benefits to Bay Area travelers. The network performance evaluation simulates the road conditions in that corridor to estimate TravInfo impacts at the aggregate level. The VAR customer study provides information on those consumers who actually purchase and use Advanced...

Vehicle-Follower Control for Dynamic Entrainment of Automated Guideway Transit Vehicles

Shladover, S. E.
1979

This paper describes a method of vehicle-follower longitudinal control which has been developed to enable automated guideway transit (AGT) vehicles to join (entrain) and leave (extrain) trains or close-formation platoons (at 30 cm spacings) while traveling at cruise speed. Because a linear controller cannot be designed to have the accuracy and response speed needed for operations at very close inter-vehicular spacings without producing excessive control action at large spacings, the suggested controller is a nonlinear vehicle follower in which the gains are continuous functions of the...

Equity Implications of TNC Fare Variation: A Case Study of Didi Chuxing, Shanghai, 2015

Xu, Ruoying
Chatman, Daniel G.
2019

The rise of transportation network companies (TNCs) such as Uber, Lyft and Didi Chuxing has been well documented, and is viewed with concern by some policy makers and planners. Some have advocated regulating TNCs to address perceived problems, which include unfair competition with existing taxis, a perception that TNCs may be less safe than conventional taxis, road congestion caused by a proliferation of ride-hailing vehicles, and a belief that TNCs may reduce transit ridership. Possible regulations to address these problems include background checks for drivers, safety standards,...

A Casual Analysis of FlexPass: Incentives for Reducing Parking Demand

Tang, Dounan
Lin, Ziheng
Sengupta, Raja
2016

A parking incentive program named FlexPass have been conducted in University of California, Berkley. The causal structure underlying employee parking behavior is examined in this study by a randomized controlled trial, where participants receiving treatment were offered incentives for parking less and taking other modes. This field experiment lasted for three months and recruited 392 staff and faculty members. Practicable problems encountered during the study were non-random differential dropout after the group assignment and non-ignorable missing data. Missing data were measured by follow...

Advancing the Science of Travel Demand Forecasting

Walker, Joan L.
Chatman, Daniel
Daziano, Ricardo
Erhardt, Gregory
Gao, Song
Mahmassani, Hani
Ory, David
Sall, Elizabeth
Bhat, Chandra
Chim, Nicholas
Daniels, Clint
Gardner, Brian
Kressner, Josephine
Miller, Eric
Pereira, Francisco
Picado, Rosella
Hess, Stephane
Axhausen, Kay
Bareinboim, Elias
Ben-Akiva, Moshe
Brathwaite, Timothy
Charlton, Billy
Chen, Siyu
Circella, Giovanni
El Zarwi, Feras
Gonzalez, Marta
Harb, Mustapha
Mahmassani, Amine
McFadden, Daniel
Moekel, Rolf
Pozdnukhov, Alexei
Sheehan, Maddie
Sivakumar, Aruna
Weeks, Jennifer
Zhao, Jinhua
2019

Travel demand forecasting models play an important role in guiding policy, planning, and design of transportation systems. There is no shortage of literature critiquing the accuracy of model forecasts (see, for example, Pickrell, 1989; Wachs, 1990; Pickrell, 1992; Flyvbjerg, Skamris Holm, and Buhl 2005; Richmond, 2005; Flyvbjerg, 2007; Bain, 2009; Parthasarathi and Levinson, 2010; Welde and Odeck, 2011; Hartgen, 2013; Nicolaisen and Driscoll, 2014; Schmitt, 2016; Odeck and Welde, 2017, and Voulgaris, 2019), not to mention several high-profile lawsuits (Saulwick 2014, Stacey 2015, Rubin...

Architecture and Application Abstractions for Multi-Agent Collaboration Projects

Caveney, D.
Sengupta, R.
2012

In this paper, we propose that allapplication for multi-agent collaborative control, and in particular fixed-wing umanned arial vehicles, can be be described through three basic behaviors. They are Travelling, Wactching, and Tracking. These three behaviors are constructed from two primitive actions, going somewhere and hlding at a particular location. The semantics of the behaviors are clearly difined and justify why these three are chosen. The ability of these behaviors to easily program different missions through hyvrid state flow is illustrated through examples of previously-...

Induced Travel Demand and Induced Road Investment: A Simultaneous Equation Analysis

Cervero, Robert
Hansen, Mark
2002

This paper presents simultaneous models that predict induced travel demand and induced road investment using an array of instrument variables reflecting political, environmental, and demographic influences. From a panel data set consisting of 22 years of observations for 34 California urban counties, short-run elasticities are estimated. Both the Vehicle– Miles-Travelled model and the Lane–Miles model feature good statistical fits and highly significant parameter estimates. While the research found strong reciprocal relationships between road investment and travel demand, the elasticity...

A Discrete Choice Framework for Modeling and Forecasting the Adoption and Diffusion of New Transportation Services

El Zarwi, Feras
Vij, Akshay
Walker, Joan L.
2017

Major technological and infrastructural changes over the next decades, such as the introduction of autonomous vehicles, implementation of mileage-based fees, carsharing and ridesharing are expected to have a profound impact on lifestyles and travel behavior. Current travel demand models are unable to predict long-range trends in travel behavior as they do not entail a mechanism that projects membership and market share of new modes of transport (Uber, Lyft, etc.). We propose integrating discrete choice and technology adoption models to address the aforementioned issue. In order to do so,...

Activity-Based Travel Models and Transportation Equity Analysis: Research Directions and Exploration of Model Performance

Bills, Tierra S.
Sall, Elizabeth A.
Walker, Joan L.
2012

The current state of practice for transportation equity analysis is moving toward the use of activity-based travel models for scenario analysis. However, little has been done to validate the use of these models for equity analysis. The first objective of this paper is to present a research framework for the equity analysis of long-range transportation plans, for the purpose of critiquing the current state of practice and pointing to key research needs. This research framework is used to identify four research areas for furthering transportation equity analysis: (a) identifying...

Beyond Rationality in Travel Demand Models

Walker, Joan L.
2011

The effectiveness of transportation policies will depend on how users respond to them. Therefore, we must understand how to predict and influence behavior over the long term, which is the realm of travel demand modeling. Relevant decisions made by individuals include where to live and work; the type and quantity of vehicles and transit passes to own; the types, locations and scheduling of activities; and by what modes and routes one travels to those activities. This article explores ways to improve travel demand models to reflect actual behavior, whether it is “rational” or not. The...