Travel Behavior

Only Walking for Transportation in Large Latin American Cities: Walking-only Trips and Total Walking Events and Their Sociodemographic Correlates

Delclòs-Alió, X
Rodriguez, D
Medina, C
Miranda, JJ
Avila-Palencia, I
Targa, F
Moran, M
Sarmiento, O
Quistberg, D
2020

Walking for transportation is a common and accessible means of achieving recommended physical activity levels, while providing important social and environmental co-benefits. Even though walking in rapidly growing urban areas has become especially challenging given the increasing dependence on motorized transportation, walking remains a major mode of transportation in Latin American cities. In this paper we aimed to quantify self-reported walking for transportation in Mexico City, Bogota, Santiago de Chile, Sao Paulo, and Buenos Aires, by identifying both walking trips that are...

The Impact of Population Mobility on COVID-19 Incidence and Socioeconomic Disparities at the Sub-city Level in 314 Latin American Cities

Kephart, JL
Delclòs-Alió, X
Bilal, U
Sarmiento, O
Barrientos-Gutierrez, T
Rodriguez, D
Ramirez-Zea, M
Quistberg, A
Roux, AV Diez
2021

Little is known about the impact of changes in mobility at the sub-city level on subsequent COVID-19 incidence or the contribution of mobility to socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 incidence. Methods We compiled aggregated mobile phone location data, COVID-19 confirmed cases, and features of the urban and social environments to analyze linkages between population mobility, COVID-19 incidence, and educational attainment at the sub-city level among cities with >100,000 inhabitants in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, and Mexico from March to August 2020. We used mixed effects...

Walking for Transportation in Large Latin American Cities: Walking-only Trips and Total Walking Events and Their Sociodemographic Correlates

Delclòs-Alió, X
Rodríguez, D
Medina, C
Miranda, J
Avila-Palencia, I
Targa, F
Moran, M
Sarmiento, O
Quintsberg, A
2021

Walking for transportation is a common and accessible means of achieving recommended physical activity levels, while providing important social and environmental co-benefits. Even though walking in rapidly growing urban areas has become especially challenging given the increasing dependence on motorised transportation, walking remains a major mode of transportation in Latin American cities. In this paper we aimed to quantify self-reported walking for transportation in Mexico City, Bogota, Santiago de Chile, Sao Paulo, and Buenos Aires, by identifying both walking trips that are conducted...

Desarrollo Orientado al Transporte: Una Evaluación de Tendencias y Oportunidades para América Latina

Rodríguez, D
Duran-Ortiz, M
Hobbs, J
Rojas, F
Hudson, A
2021

En los últimos años, el Desarrollo Orientado al Transporte (DOT) ha incrementado su aceptación debido a su gran potencial para guiar ciudades hacia futuros más sostenibles. Esta fructífera coordinación entre las inversiones de una ciudad en transporte público y su estrategia de desarrollo del suelo ha permitido una mejor accesibilidad, una mayor capacidad de caminabilidad y un uso mixto del suelo alrededor de las áreas de transporte. Esta nota técnica revisa el DOT en varias escalas para comprender las tendencias, oportunidades y desafíos para su desarrollo e implementación, con un enfoque...

Urban Landscape and Street-design Factors Associated with Road-Traffic Mortality in Latin America between 2010 and 2016 (SALURBAL): An Ecological Study

Quistberg, D
Hessel, P
Rodriguez, DA
Sarmiento, OL
Bilal, U
Caiaffa, WT
Miranda, J
de Pina, M
Hernandez-Vazquez, A
Roux, AV Diez
2022
Road-traffic injuries are a key cause of death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries, but the effect of city characteristics on road-traffic mortality is unknown in these countries. The aim of this study was to determine associations between city-level built environment factors and road-traffic mortality in large Latin American cities. We selected cities from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, and Peru; cities included in the analysis had a population of at least 100 000 people. We extracted data for road-traffic deaths...

Associations of Urban Environment Features with Hypertension and Blood Pressure Across 230 Latin American Cities

Avila-Palencia, I
Rodriguez, D
Miranda, J
Moore, K
Gouveia, N
Moran, M
Caiaffa, W
Roux, AV Diez
2022
Features of the urban physical environment may be linked to the development of high blood pressure, a leading risk factor for global burden of disease. We examined associations of urban physical environment features with hypertension and blood pressure measures in adults across 230 Latin American cities. In this cross-sectional study we used health, social, and built environment data from the SALud URBana en América Latina (SALURBAL) project. The individual-level outcomes were hypertension and levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The exposures were city and subcity built...

Impacts of Commute Trip Reduction Programs, Rail Station Area Built Environment Changes, and Ride-Hailing Services on Traveler Behavior

Li
Rodriguez, D
Montilla, M
Chatman, D
Chen, P
Yang, X
Winters, P
2022

This project consists of three related studies investigating strategies to address urban congestion: a) employer-based travel demand management strategies, b) improvement of transit station area built environments, and c) understanding the impacts of ride-hailing. Collectively, the three studies represent complementary strategies to address urban congestion. However, each of them focuses on a particular approach from managing demand side incentives to supply side service disruptions.

Comparing Effects of Euclidean Buffers and Network Buffers on Associations Between Built Environment and Transport Walking: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Li, J
Peterson, A
Auchincloss, AH
Hirsch, JA
Rodriguez, D
Melly, SJ
Moore, K
Roux, AV Diez
Sánchez, BN
2022

Transport walking has drawn growing interest due to its potential to increase levels of physical activities and reduce reliance on vehicles. While existing studies have compared built environment-health associations between Euclidean buffers and network buffers, no studies have systematically quantified the extent of bias in health effect estimates when exposures are measured in different buffers. Further, prior studies have done the comparisons focusing on only one or two geographic regions, limiting generalizability and restricting ability to test whether direction or magnitude of...

City-Level Travel Time and Individual Dietary Consumption in Latin American Cities: Results from the SALURBAL Study

Guimaraes, J
Acharya, B
Moore, K
López-Olmedo, N
Menezes, M
Rodriguez, D
Stern, D
Friche, A
Wang, X
Delclòs-Alió, X
Sarmiento, O
Cardoso, L
2022
There is limited empirical evidence on how travel time affects dietary patterns, and even less in Latin American cities (LACs). Using data from 181 LACs, we investigated whether longer travel times at the city level are associated with lower consumption of vegetables and higher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and if this association differs by city size. Travel time was measured as the average city-level travel time during peak hours and city-level travel delay time was measured as the average increase in travel time due to congestion on the street network during peak hours...

Is City-Level Travel Time by Car Associated with Individual Obesity or Diabetes in Latin American Cities? Evidence from 178 Cities in the SALURBAL Project

Delclos-Alió, X
Rodríguez, D
Olmedo, N
Ferrer, C
Moore, K
Stern, D
Menezes, M
Cardoso, L
Wang, X
Guimaraes, J
Miranda, J
Sarmiento, O
2022
There is growing evidence that longer travel time by private car poses physical and mental risks. Individual-level obesity and diabetes, two of the main public health challenges in low- and middle-income contexts, could be associated to city-level travel times by car. We used individual obesity and diabetes data from national health surveys from individuals in 178 Latin American cities, compiled and harmonized by the SALURBAL project. We calculated city-level travel times by car using the Google Maps Distance Matrix API. We estimated associations between peak hour city-level travel time by...